Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxii.--a Story of the Great Famine., sentence 57
The next morning he went to the pit to see if the hare had grown any larger, but when he looked in he found that the hare had disappeared.
Who acts: iguana · What happens: go, see, grow, look, find, disappear · To what, where: pit, hare
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxii.--a Story of the Great Famine.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (iguana), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 morning | det |
| 2 | next | next | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 morning | amod |
| 3 | morning | morning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 went | obl:unmarked |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 went | nsubj |
| 5 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 pit | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 pit | det |
| 8 | pit | pit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 went | obl |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 see | mark |
| 10 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 went | advcl |
| 11 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 15 grown | mark |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 hare | det |
| 13 | hare | hare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 grown | nsubj:pass |
| 14 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 grown | aux |
| 15 | grown | grow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 see | ccomp |
| 16 | any | any | ADV | _ | 17 larger | advmod |
| 17 | larger | large | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 15 grown | xcomp |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 looked | punct |
| 19 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 22 looked | cc |
| 20 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 22 looked | advmod |
| 21 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 looked | nsubj |
| 22 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 went | conj |
| 23 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 25 found | mark |
| 24 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 found | nsubj |
| 25 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 looked | advcl |
| 26 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 30 disappeared | mark |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 hare | det |
| 28 | hare | hare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 disappeared | nsubj:pass |
| 29 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 disappeared | aux |
| 30 | disappeared | disappear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 found | advcl |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | iguana | the pit | morning | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to pit=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | see | to-infinitive | iguana not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | grow a condition, not said to happen | past · perfect · passive | the hare | large property | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 4 | look | past | iguana | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | |||||
| 5 | find | past | iguana | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | disappear | past · perfect · passive | the hare | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/16/57/