Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxiii.--why Edidor Killed Her Husband and Her Lover., sentence 11
When Ode was ready he got into a small canoe and started down river for Inkum, but he had only gone a little distance when the canoe sank, and Ode swam to the shore.
Who acts: Ode, canoe · What happens: be, get, start down, go, sink, swim · To what, where: small canoe, river, little distance, shore
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxiii.--why Edidor Killed Her Husband and Her Lover.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ode, canoe), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 ready | advmod |
| 2 | Ode | Ode | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 ready | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 ready | cop |
| 4 | ready | ready | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 got | nsubj |
| 6 | got | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 ready | ccomp |
| 7 | into | into | ADP | _ | 10 canoe | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 canoe | det |
| 9 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 canoe | amod |
| 10 | canoe | canoe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 got | obl |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 started | cc |
| 12 | started | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 got | conj |
| 13 | down | down | ADP | _ | 12 started | compound:prt |
| 14 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 started | obj |
| 15 | for | for | ADP | _ | 16 Inkum | case |
| 16 | Inkum | Inkum | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 started | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 gone | punct |
| 18 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 22 gone | cc |
| 19 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 gone | nsubj |
| 20 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 gone | aux |
| 21 | only | only | ADV | _ | 22 gone | advmod |
| 22 | gone | go | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 6 got | conj |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 distance | det |
| 24 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 distance | amod |
| 25 | distance | distance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 gone | obl |
| 26 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 29 sank | advmod |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 canoe | det |
| 28 | canoe | canoe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 sank | nsubj |
| 29 | sank | sink | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 gone | advcl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 swam | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 swam | cc |
| 32 | Ode | Ode | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 swam | nsubj |
| 33 | swam | swim | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 sank | conj |
| 34 | to | to | ADP | _ | 36 shore | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 shore | det |
| 36 | shore | shore | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 swam | obl |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 ready | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | Ode | ready property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | get | past | Ode | a small canoe | vn escape-51.1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into canoe=Destination | ||||
| 3 | start down | past | Ode not said here | river | for Inkum | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent river=Eventuality | |||
| 4 | go | past · perfect | Ode | a little distance | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | sink | past | the canoe | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 6 | swim | past | Ode | the shore | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to shore=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/17/11/