Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxiii.--why Edidor Killed Her Husband and Her Lover., sentence 113
’Nyambi promised, and having told Oga not to make a noise, he cut the thing off, and turned the chief out of his house.
Who acts: Nyambi · What happens: promise, tell, not make, cut off, turn · To what, where: Oga, noise, thing, chief, house · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxiii.--why Edidor Killed Her Husband and Her Lover.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nyambi), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 promised | punct |
| 2 | Nyambi | Nyambi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 promised | nsubj |
| 3 | promised | promise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 told | punct |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 told | cc |
| 6 | having | have | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 told | aux |
| 7 | told | tell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 promised | ccomp |
| 8 | Oga | Oga | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 told | iobj |
| 9 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 11 make | advmod |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 make | mark |
| 11 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 told | ccomp |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 noise | det |
| 13 | noise | noise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 make | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 cut | punct |
| 15 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 cut | nsubj |
| 16 | cut | cut | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 promised | conj |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 thing | det |
| 18 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 cut | obj |
| 19 | off | off | ADP | _ | 16 cut | compound:prt |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 turned | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 turned | cc |
| 22 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 promised | conj |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 chief | det |
| 24 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 turned | obj |
| 25 | out | out | ADP | _ | 28 house | case |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 house | case |
| 27 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 house | nmod:poss |
| 28 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 turned | obl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 promised | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | promise speech: promise | past | Nyambi | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | tell speech: assert | gerund · perfect | Oga | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent oga=Recipient clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | not make not said to happen | to-infinitive | a noise | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset noise=Product | |||||
| 4 | cut off | past | NYAMBI | the thing | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector thing=Eventuality | ||||
| 5 | turn | past | Nyambi not said here | the chief | NYAMBI's house | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent chief=Theme out house=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/17/113/