Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxiii.--why Edidor Killed Her Husband and Her Lover., sentence 124
When they arrived, he said, “My dear wives, I am not angry with you for leaving me, for love of women has caused me to lose the dearest part of my body.
Who acts: wives, chief, love · What happens: arrive, say, not be, leave, cause, lose · To what, where: dear wives, chief, love, dearest part, women · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxiii.--why Edidor Killed Her Husband and Her Lover.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wives, chief, love), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 arrived | advmod |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 arrived | nsubj |
| 3 | arrived | arrive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 said | advcl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 arrived | punct |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 said | nsubj |
| 6 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 wives | punct |
| 8 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 wives | punct |
| 9 | My | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 wives | nmod:poss |
| 10 | dear | dear | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 wives | amod |
| 11 | wives | wife | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 said | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 angry | punct |
| 13 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 16 angry | nsubj |
| 14 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 angry | cop |
| 15 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 16 angry | advmod |
| 16 | angry | angry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 said | parataxis |
| 17 | with | with | ADP | _ | 18 you | case |
| 18 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 16 angry | obl |
| 19 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 20 leaving | mark |
| 20 | leaving | leave | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 angry | advcl |
| 21 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 20 leaving | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 love | punct |
| 23 | for | for | ADP | _ | 24 love | case |
| 24 | love | love | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 caused | nsubj:pass |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 women | case |
| 26 | women | woman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 love | nmod |
| 27 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 caused | aux |
| 28 | caused | cause | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 said | ccomp |
| 29 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 28 caused | iobj |
| 30 | to | to | PART | _ | 31 lose | mark |
| 31 | lose | lose | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 caused | xcomp |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 part | det |
| 33 | dearest | dear | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 34 part | amod |
| 34 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 lose | obj |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 body | case |
| 36 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 body | nmod:poss |
| 37 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 part | nmod |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | arrive | past | wives = wife | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | chief | My dear wives | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | not is in a quote | present | chief | with you; angry property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | leave in a quote | gerund | chief not said here | chief | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme | ||||
| 5 | cause in a quote | present · perfect · passive | love of women | chief | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | lose in a quote | to-infinitive | love of women not said here | the dearest part of my body | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Eventuality | ||||
| 7 | love in a quote | women | nom love «feeling transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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