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Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1, sentence 38

Oga was so proud at hearing that a play had come all the way from Bendega to escort him to the town that he willingly went out to meet them, not knowing that the real Abang had come with them.

Who acts: Oga, play, real Abang · What happens: be, hear, come, escort, go out, meet · To what, where: way, Oga, town, plays · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Oga, play, real Abang), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

nsubjcopadvmodmarkadvclmarkdetnsubjauxccompdet:predetdetoblcasenmodmarkaclobjcasedetoblmarknsubjadvmodadvcladvmodmarkxcompobjpunctadvmodadvclmarkdetamodnsubjauxccompcaseoblpunctrootOgaPROPNwasAUXsoADVproudADJatSCONJhearingVERBthatSCONJaDETplayNOUNhadAUXcomeVERBallDETtheDETwayNOUNfromADPBendegaPROPNtoPARTescortVERBhimPRONtoADPtheDETtownNOUNthatSCONJhePRONwillinglyADVwentVERBoutADVtoPARTmeetVERBthemPRON,PUNCTnotPARTknowingVERBthatSCONJtheDETrealADJAbangPROPNhadAUXcomeVERBwithADPthemPRON.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1OgaOgaPROPNNumber=Sing4 proudnsubj
2wasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin4 proudcop
3sosoADV_4 proudadvmod
4proudproudADJDegree=Posrootroot
5atatSCONJ_6 hearingmark
6hearinghearVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part4 proudadvcl
7thatthatSCONJ_11 comemark
8aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art9 playdet
9playplayNOUNNumber=Sing11 comensubj
10hadhaveAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin11 comeaux
11comecomeVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part6 hearingccomp
12allallDETPronType=Tot14 waydet:predet
13thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art14 waydet
14waywayNOUNNumber=Sing11 comeobl
15fromfromADP_16 Bendegacase
16BendegaBendegaPROPNNumber=Sing14 waynmod
17totoPART_18 escortmark
18escortescortVERBVerbForm=Inf14 wayacl
19himhePRONCase=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs18 escortobj
20totoADP_22 towncase
21thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art22 towndet
22towntownNOUNNumber=Sing18 escortobl
23thatthatSCONJ_26 wentmark
24hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs26 wentnsubj
25willinglywillinglyADV_26 wentadvmod
26wentgoVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin18 escortadvcl
27outoutADV_26 wentadvmod
28totoPART_29 meetmark
29meetmeetVERBVerbForm=Inf26 wentxcomp
30themtheyPRONCase=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs29 meetobj
31,,PUNCT_33 knowingpunct
32notnotPARTPolarity=Neg33 knowingadvmod
33knowingknowVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part29 meetadvcl
34thatthatSCONJ_39 comemark
35thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art37 Abangdet
36realrealADJDegree=Pos37 Abangamod
37AbangAbangPROPNNumber=Sing39 comensubj
38hadhaveAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin39 comeaux
39comecomeVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part33 knowingccomp
40withwithADP_41 themcase
41themtheyPRONCase=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs39 comeobl
42..PUNCT_4 proudpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1ispastOgaproud propertytree rules
2heargerundOga not said herevn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
3comepast · perfecta playall way from Bendegavn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4escortto-infinitivea play not said hereOgathe townvn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme to town=Destination
5go outpastOgaout, willingly propertytree rules
6meetto-infinitiveOga not said hereplays = playvn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Co-Agent
7not knowgerundOga not said herevn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
8comepast · perfectthe real Abangwith plays = playvn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/18/38/