Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1, sentence 65

As the hare gathered the fruit he threw it further and further away from the vine, and the Elephantiasis rolled himself away after it until at last he had gone some distance from the tree, so the hare slid down to the ground, and ran towards his home as fast as he could go.

Who acts: hare, ELEPHANTIASIS · What happens: gather, throw, roll away, go, slide down, run · To what, where: fruit, ELEPHANTIASIS, distance, last, ground, home

This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hare, ELEPHANTIASIS), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	As	as	SCONJ	_	4 gathered	mark
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 hare	det
3	hare	hare	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 gathered	nsubj
4	gathered	gather	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 threw	advcl
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 fruit	det
6	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 gathered	obj
7	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 threw	nsubj
8	threw	throw	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 threw	obj
10	further	far	ADV	Degree=Cmp	8 threw	advmod
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 further	cc
12	further	far	ADV	Degree=Cmp	13 away	advmod
13	away	away	ADV	_	10 further	advmod
14	from	from	ADP	_	16 vine	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 vine	det
16	vine	vine	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 away	obl
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 rolled	punct
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 rolled	cc
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 Elephantiasis	det
20	Elephantiasis	Elephantiasis	PROPN	Number=Sing	21 rolled	nsubj
21	rolled	roll	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 threw	parataxis
22	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	21 rolled	obj
23	away	away	ADV	_	21 rolled	advmod
24	after	after	ADP	_	25 it	case
25	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 rolled	obl
26	until	until	SCONJ	_	31 gone	mark
27	at	at	ADP	_	28 last	case
28	last	last	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 gone	obl
29	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 gone	nsubj
30	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	31 gone	aux
31	gone	go	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	21 rolled	conj
32	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	33 distance	det
33	distance	distance	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 gone	obj
34	from	from	ADP	_	36 tree	case
35	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	36 tree	det
36	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 distance	nmod
37	,	,	PUNCT	_	41 slid	punct
38	so	so	ADV	_	41 slid	advmod
39	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	40 hare	det
40	hare	hare	NOUN	Number=Sing	41 slid	nsubj
41	slid	slide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 threw	conj
42	down	down	ADV	_	41 slid	advmod
43	to	to	ADP	_	45 ground	case
44	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	45 ground	det
45	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	41 slid	obl
46	,	,	PUNCT	_	48 ran	punct
47	and	and	CCONJ	_	48 ran	cc
48	ran	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 threw	conj
49	towards	towards	ADP	_	51 home	case
50	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	51 home	nmod:poss
51	home	home	NOUN	Number=Sing	48 ran	obl
52	as	as	ADV	_	53 fast	advmod
53	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	48 ran	advmod
54	as	as	SCONJ	_	57 go	mark
55	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	57 go	nsubj
56	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	57 go	aux
57	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	53 fast	advcl
58	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 threw	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	gather	past	the hare	the fruit				vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fruit=Theme
2	throw	past	ELEPHANTIASIS	fruit			far property	vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
3	roll away	past	the Elephantiasis	ELEPHANTIASIS		after fruit	away property	vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Agent
4	go	past · perfect	ELEPHANTIASIS	some distance	last		from the tree	tree rules
5	slide down	past	the hare		the ground		down property	vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to ground=Destination
6	run	past	ELEPHANTIASIS not said here		ELEPHANTIASIS's home		fast property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme towards home=Destination
7	go	could	ELEPHANTIASIS					vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/18/65/

🌲 Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1, sentence 65

The tree

Pragmatics

Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1, sentence 65