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Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1, sentence 64

So the Elephantiasis, who really was hungry, agreed to stop on the ground, and the hare, relieved of the great weight, at once climbed the rubber vine and commenced to throw down the fruit, which the Elephantiasis gathered and put in the bag.

Who acts: Elephantiasis, hare · What happens: be, agree, stop, climb, commence, throw down · To what, where: ground, rubber vine, fruit, bag

This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Elephantiasis, hare), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

advmoddetnsubjpunctnsubjadvmodcoppunctconjmarkxcompcasedetoblpunctccdetnsubjpunctconjcasedetamodoblpunctmarkadvmodparataxisdetcompoundobjccconjmarkxcompcompound:prtdetobjpunctobjdetnsubjparataxisccconjcasedetoblpunctrootSoADVtheDETElephantiasisPROPN,PUNCTwhoPRONreallyADVwasAUXhungryADJ,PUNCTagreedVERBtoPARTstopVERBonADPtheDETgroundNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJtheDEThareNOUN,PUNCTrelievedADJofADPtheDETgreatADJweightNOUN,PUNCTatSCONJonceADVclimbedVERBtheDETrubberNOUNvineNOUNandCCONJcommencedVERBtoPARTthrowVERBdownADPtheDETfruitNOUN,PUNCTwhichPRONtheDETElephantiasisPROPNgatheredVERBandCCONJputVERBinADPtheDETbagNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1SosoADV_8 hungryadvmod
2thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art3 Elephantiasisdet
3ElephantiasisElephantiasisPROPNNumber=Sing8 hungrynsubj
4,,PUNCT_8 hungrypunct
5whowhoPRONPronType=Rel8 hungrynsubj
6reallyreallyADV_8 hungryadvmod
7wasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin8 hungrycop
8hungryhungryADJDegree=Posrootroot
9,,PUNCT_10 agreedpunct
10agreedagreeVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass8 hungryconj
11totoPART_12 stopmark
12stopstopVERBVerbForm=Inf10 agreedxcomp
13ononADP_15 groundcase
14thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art15 grounddet
15groundgroundNOUNNumber=Sing12 stopobl
16,,PUNCT_21 relievedpunct
17andandCCONJ_21 relievedcc
18thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art19 haredet
19harehareNOUNNumber=Sing21 relievednsubj
20,,PUNCT_21 relievedpunct
21relievedrelievedADJDegree=Pos8 hungryconj
22ofofADP_25 weightcase
23thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art25 weightdet
24greatgreatADJDegree=Pos25 weightamod
25weightweightNOUNNumber=Sing21 relievedobl
26,,PUNCT_29 climbedpunct
27atatSCONJ_29 climbedmark
28onceonceADVNumForm=Word NumType=Mult29 climbedadvmod
29climbedclimbVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin8 hungryparataxis
30thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art32 vinedet
31rubberrubberNOUNNumber=Sing32 vinecompound
32vinevineNOUNNumber=Sing29 climbedobj
33andandCCONJ_34 commencedcc
34commencedcommenceVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin29 climbedconj
35totoPART_36 throwmark
36throwthrowVERBVerbForm=Inf34 commencedxcomp
37downdownADP_36 throwcompound:prt
38thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art39 fruitdet
39fruitfruitNOUNNumber=Sing36 throwobj
40,,PUNCT_44 gatheredpunct
41whichwhichPRONPronType=Rel44 gatheredobj
42thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art43 Elephantiasisdet
43ElephantiasisElephantiasisPROPNNumber=Sing44 gatherednsubj
44gatheredgatherVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin39 fruitparataxis
45andandCCONJ_46 putcc
46putputVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass44 gatheredconj
47ininADP_49 bagcase
48thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art49 bagdet
49bagbagNOUNNumber=Sing46 putobl
50..PUNCT_8 hungrypunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1ispastthe Elephantiasiswho nsubj; hungry propertytree rules
2agree speech: agreeparticiplethe Elephantiasis not said herevn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3stop not said to happento-infinitivethe Elephantiasis not said herethe groundvn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
4bethe hareof the great weighttree rules
5climbpastthe rubber vineonce propertyvn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location vine=Theme
6commencepastvn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
7throw downto-infinitivethe fruitvn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fruit=Theme
8gatherpastthe Elephantiasisthe fruitvn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Theme
9putparticiplethe Elephantiasis not said herethe bagvn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in bag=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/18/64/