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Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1, sentence 68

His wife then packed up her things and went off to their friend’s house, and the hare having said that he would probably be absent for some days, ran off in another direction, leaving his home deserted, so that when the Elephantiasis arrived he found no one about the place.

Who acts: wife, hare, ELEPHANTIASIS, home · What happens: pack up, go off, have, say, be, run off · To what, where: things, direction, one · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wife, hare, ELEPHANTIASIS, home), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

nmod:possnsubjadvmodcompound:prtnmod:possobjccconjcompound:prtcasenmod:possnmod:posscaseoblpunctccdetnsubjaclconjmarknsubjauxadvmodcopccompcasedetoblpunctconjcompound:prtcasedetoblpunctadvclnmod:possnsubjccomppunctmarkfixedmarkdetnsubjparataxisnsubjconjdetobjcasedetnmodpunctrootHisPRONwifeNOUNthenADVpackedVERBupADPherPRONthingsNOUNandCCONJwentVERBoffADPtoADPtheirPRONfriendNOUN’sPARThouseNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJtheDEThareNOUNhavingVERBsaidVERBthatSCONJhePRONwouldAUXprobablyADVbeAUXabsentADJforADPsomeDETdaysNOUN,PUNCTranVERBoffADPinADPanotherDETdirectionNOUN,PUNCTleavingVERBhisPRONhomeNOUNdesertedVERB,PUNCTsoSCONJthatSCONJwhenSCONJtheDETElephantiasisPROPNarrivedVERBhePRONfoundVERBnoDEToneNOUNaboutADPtheDETplaceNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1HishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs2 wifenmod:poss
2wifewifeNOUNNumber=Sing4 packednsubj
3thenthenADVPronType=Dem4 packedadvmod
4packedpackVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
5upupADP_4 packedcompound:prt
6herherPRONCase=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs7 thingsnmod:poss
7thingsthingNOUNNumber=Plur4 packedobj
8andandCCONJ_9 wentcc
9wentgoVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin4 packedconj
10offoffADP_9 wentcompound:prt
11totoADP_15 housecase
12theirtheirPRONCase=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs13 friendnmod:poss
13friendfriendNOUNNumber=Sing15 housenmod:poss
14’s'sPART_13 friendcase
15househouseNOUNNumber=Sing9 wentobl
16,,PUNCT_21 saidpunct
17andandCCONJ_21 saidcc
18thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art19 haredet
19harehareNOUNNumber=Sing21 saidnsubj
20havinghaveVERBVerbForm=Ger19 hareacl
21saidsayVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin4 packedconj
22thatthatSCONJ_27 absentmark
23hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs27 absentnsubj
24wouldwouldAUXVerbForm=Fin27 absentaux
25probablyprobablyADV_27 absentadvmod
26bebeAUXVerbForm=Inf27 absentcop
27absentabsentADJDegree=Pos21 saidccomp
28forforADP_30 dayscase
29somesomeDETPronType=Ind30 daysdet
30daysdayNOUNNumber=Plur27 absentobl
31,,PUNCT_32 ranpunct
32ranrunVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin4 packedconj
33offoffADP_32 rancompound:prt
34ininADP_36 directioncase
35anotheranotherDETPronType=Ind36 directiondet
36directiondirectionNOUNNumber=Sing32 ranobl
37,,PUNCT_38 leavingpunct
38leavingleaveVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part32 ranadvcl
39hishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs40 homenmod:poss
40homehomeNOUNNumber=Sing41 desertednsubj
41deserteddesertVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin38 leavingccomp
42,,PUNCT_48 arrivedpunct
43sosoSCONJExtPos=SCONJ48 arrivedmark
44thatthatSCONJ_43 sofixed
45whenwhenSCONJ_48 arrivedmark
46thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art47 Elephantiasisdet
47ElephantiasisElephantiasisPROPNNumber=Sing48 arrivednsubj
48arrivedarriveVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin32 ranparataxis
49hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs50 foundnsubj
50foundfindVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin48 arrivedconj
51nonoDETPronType=Neg52 onedet
52oneoneNOUNNumber=Sing50 foundobj
53aboutaboutADP_55 placecase
54thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art55 placedet
55placeplaceNOUNNumber=Sing52 onenmod
56..PUNCT_4 packedpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1pack uppastELEPHANTIASIS's wifewife's thingsthenvn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent thing=Theme
2go offpastELEPHANTIASIS's wife not said hereto HARES's friend's housevn occur-48.3-2 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme
3havegerundthe hare not said herevn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4say speech: assertpastthe harevn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
5iswouldELEPHANTIASISdayabsent, probably propertytree rules
6run offpastELEPHANTIASIS's wife not said hereanother directionvn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in direction=Trajectory
7leavegerundELEPHANTIASIS's wife not said heretree rules
8desertpastELEPHANTIASIS's homevn leave-51.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
9arrivepastthe Elephantiasisvn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
10findpastELEPHANTIASISno oneabout the placevn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/18/68/