Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2, sentence 10
He ran for some distance, and passed another farm, but did not go in, as he thought the same thing might happen to him there.
Who acts: Elephantiasis, same thing · What happens: run, pass, not go in, think, happen · To what, where: farm, Elephantiasis · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Elephantiasis, same thing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 ran | nsubj |
| 2 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | for | for | ADP | _ | 5 distance | case |
| 4 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 5 distance | det |
| 5 | distance | distance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 ran | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 passed | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 passed | cc |
| 8 | passed | pass | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 ran | conj |
| 9 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 10 farm | det |
| 10 | farm | farm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 passed | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 go | punct |
| 12 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 15 go | cc |
| 13 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 go | aux |
| 14 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 15 go | advmod |
| 15 | go | go | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 2 ran | parataxis |
| 16 | in | in | ADV | _ | 15 go | advmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 thought | punct |
| 18 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 20 thought | mark |
| 19 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 thought | nsubj |
| 20 | thought | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 go | advcl |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 thing | det |
| 22 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 thing | amod |
| 23 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 happen | nsubj |
| 24 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 25 happen | aux |
| 25 | happen | happen | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 thought | ccomp |
| 26 | to | to | ADP | _ | 27 him | case |
| 27 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 happen | obl |
| 28 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 25 happen | advmod |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 ran | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | run | past | Elephantiasis | for some distance | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for distance=Beneficiary | ||||
| 2 | pass | past | Elephantiasis not said here | another farm | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme farm=Trajectory | ||||
| 3 | not go in | past · do-support | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | think speech: other | past | Elephantiasis | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 5 | happen | might | the same thing | Elephantiasis | there | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/19/10/