Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2, sentence 31
The hare then shouted out to the crab to fight well, and that when she had killed the Elephantiasis they would both make a good meal off him.
Who acts: hare, claws · What happens: shout out, fight, kill, make · To what, where: crab, that, good meal
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hare, claws), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 hare | det |
| 2 | hare | hare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 shouted | nsubj |
| 3 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 shouted | advmod |
| 4 | shouted | shout | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | out | out | ADP | _ | 4 shouted | compound:prt |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 crab | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 crab | det |
| 8 | crab | crab | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 shouted | obl |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 fight | mark |
| 10 | fight | fight | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 shouted | advcl |
| 11 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 10 fight | advmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 killed | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 killed | cc |
| 14 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 18 killed | nsubj |
| 15 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 18 killed | advmod |
| 16 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 killed | nsubj:pass |
| 17 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 killed | aux |
| 18 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 shouted | conj |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 Elephantiasis | det |
| 20 | Elephantiasis | elephantiasis | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 killed | obj |
| 21 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 make | nsubj |
| 22 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 24 make | aux |
| 23 | both | both | ADV | _ | 24 make | advmod |
| 24 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 Elephantiasis | acl:relcl |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 meal | det |
| 26 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 meal | amod |
| 27 | meal | meal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 make | obj |
| 28 | off | off | ADP | _ | 29 him | case |
| 29 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 make | obl |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 shouted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | shout out speech: express | past | the hare | the crab | then | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to crab=Recipient | |||
| 2 | fight | to-infinitive | the hare not said here | well property | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | kill | past · perfect · passive | that | crab nsubj:pass; the Elephantiasis obj | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Experiencer elephantiasis=Result | ||||
| 4 | make | would | claws = claw | a good meal | off Elephantiasis; both property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset meal=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/19/31/