Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 3, sentence 62
A messenger was then sent to Odoggha Eyu to tell him that his brother was dead.
Who acts: brother · What happens: send, tell, be · To what, where: messenger, Odoggha, Oga · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (brother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 messenger | det |
| 2 | messenger | messenger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 sent | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 sent | aux:pass |
| 4 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 sent | advmod |
| 5 | sent | send | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 Odoggha | case |
| 7 | Odoggha | Odoggha | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 sent | obl |
| 8 | Eyu | Eyu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Odoggha | flat |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 tell | mark |
| 10 | tell | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 sent | advcl |
| 11 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 tell | iobj |
| 12 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 16 dead | mark |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 brother | nmod:poss |
| 14 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 dead | nsubj |
| 15 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 dead | cop |
| 16 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 tell | advcl |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 sent | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | send | past · passive | a messenger | Odoggha | then | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to odoggha=Destination | |||
| 2 | tell speech: assert | to-infinitive | Oga | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient | |||||
| 3 | is | past | Oga's brother | dead property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/20/62/