Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 3, sentence 63
The chiefs were also informed, and many people came to mourn, the women throwing themselves on the ground weeping.
Who acts: many people, women · What happens: inform, come, mourn, throw · To what, where: chiefs, woman, ground weeping
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (many people, women), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 chiefs | det |
| 2 | chiefs | chief | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 informed | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 informed | aux:pass |
| 4 | also | also | ADV | _ | 5 informed | advmod |
| 5 | informed | inform | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 came | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 came | cc |
| 8 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 people | amod |
| 9 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 came | nsubj |
| 10 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 informed | conj |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 mourn | mark |
| 12 | mourn | mourn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 came | xcomp |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 throwing | punct |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 women | det |
| 15 | women | woman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 throwing | nsubj |
| 16 | throwing | throw | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 mourn | advcl |
| 17 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 16 throwing | obj |
| 18 | on | on | ADP | _ | 21 weeping | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 weeping | det |
| 20 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 weeping | compound |
| 21 | weeping | weeping | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 throwing | obl |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 informed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | inform speech: other | past · passive | the chiefs | vn tell-37.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | |||||
| 2 | come | past | many people | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | mourn | to-infinitive | many people not said here | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 4 | throw | gerund | the women | woman | the ground weeping | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent themselves=Theme on weeping=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/20/63/