Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxix.--why a Python Never Swallows a Tortoise., sentence 5
This annoyed the tortoise so much that he stood up at the feast and abused the python before all the people, saying that he did not work, and then came and eat a large quantity of the food which had been provided by the king for the people who made his farm and planted his yams.
Who acts: This, annoyed tortoise, python, king, people · What happens: tortoise, stand up, abuse, say, not work, come · To what, where: feast, python, large quantity, food, farm, yams · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxix.--why a Python Never Swallows a Tortoise.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (This, annoyed tortoise, python, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 tortoise | nsubj |
| 2 | annoyed | annoyed | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 tortoise | amod |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 tortoise | det |
| 4 | tortoise | tortoise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 stood | nsubj |
| 5 | so | so | ADV | _ | 6 much | advmod |
| 6 | much | much | ADV | _ | 4 tortoise | advmod |
| 7 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 9 stood | mark |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 stood | nsubj |
| 9 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | up | up | ADP | _ | 9 stood | compound:prt |
| 11 | at | at | ADP | _ | 13 feast | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 feast | det |
| 13 | feast | feast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 stood | obl |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 abused | cc |
| 15 | abused | abuse | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 stood | conj |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 python | det |
| 17 | python | python | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 abused | obj |
| 18 | before | before | ADP | _ | 21 people | case |
| 19 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 21 people | det:predet |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 people | det |
| 21 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 abused | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 saying | punct |
| 23 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 15 abused | advcl |
| 24 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 28 work | mark |
| 25 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 work | nsubj |
| 26 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 work | aux |
| 27 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 28 work | advmod |
| 28 | work | work | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 saying | ccomp |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 came | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 came | cc |
| 31 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 32 came | advmod |
| 32 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 stood | parataxis |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 eat | cc |
| 34 | eat | eat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 came | conj |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 quantity | det |
| 36 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 quantity | amod |
| 37 | quantity | quantity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 eat | obj |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 40 food | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 food | det |
| 40 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 quantity | nmod |
| 41 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 44 provided | nsubj:pass |
| 42 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 44 provided | aux |
| 43 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 44 provided | aux:pass |
| 44 | provided | provide | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 40 food | acl:relcl |
| 45 | by | by | ADP | _ | 47 king | case |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 king | det |
| 47 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 provided | obl |
| 48 | for | for | ADP | _ | 50 people | case |
| 49 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 people | det |
| 50 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 44 provided | obl |
| 51 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 52 made | nsubj |
| 52 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 50 people | acl:relcl |
| 53 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 54 farm | nmod:poss |
| 54 | farm | farm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 made | obj |
| 55 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 56 planted | cc |
| 56 | planted | plant | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 52 made | conj |
| 57 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 58 yams | nmod:poss |
| 58 | yams | yam | NOUN | Number=Plur | 56 planted | obj |
| 59 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 stood | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tortoise | This | tree rules | ||||||
| 2 | stand up | past | the annoyed tortoise | the feast | tortoise nsubj | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at feast=Location | |||
| 3 | abuse | past | the annoyed tortoise not said here | the python | before all people | vn judgment-33.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent python=Theme | |||
| 4 | say speech: assert | gerund | the annoyed tortoise not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | not work | past · do-support | python | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | come | past | then | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | eat | present | a large quantity of the food | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent quantity=Patient | |||||
| 8 | provide | past · perfect · passive | the king | the food | for the people | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Precondition subject=Theme for people=Beneficiary | |||
| 9 | make | past | the people | python's farm | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent farm=Product | ||||
| 10 | plant | past | the people not said here | python's yams | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent yam=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/22/5/