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Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxx.--the Game of Hide-and-seek As Played By the Hawk and the Bush Cow., sentence 25

For some time the bush cow ran about in all directions searching for the hawk, until at last, as he could not find him, he thought the hawk must have gone home, so he charged back again through the bush to the hawk’s house and at times the hawk had to follow him by flying as the bush was so thick, but when the country was open he quickly settled quite softly on the bush cow’s horns again.

Who acts: bush cow, directions, antelope, hawk, bush, country · What happens: run about, search, not find, think, go, charge back · To what, where: directions, king, bush, antelope · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxx.--the Game of Hide-and-seek As Played By the Hawk and the Bush Cow.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bush cow, directions, antelope, hawk), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

casedetobldetcompoundnsubjadvmodcasedetoblaclcasedetoblpunctcasecaseconjpunctmarknsubjauxadvmodparataxisobjpunctnsubjconjdetnsubjauxauxccompadvmodpunctadvmodnsubjparataxisadvmodadvmodcasedetoblcasedetnmod:posscaseoblcccaseobldetnsubjconjmarkxcompobjmarkadvclmarkdetnsubjcopadvmodccomppunctccadvmoddetnsubjcopparataxisnsubjadvmodconjadvmodadvmodcasedetcompoundnmod:posscaseobladvmodpunctrootForADPsomeDETtimeNOUNtheDETbushNOUNcowNOUNranVERBaboutADVinADPallDETdirectionsNOUNsearchingVERBforADPtheDEThawkNOUN,PUNCTuntilADPatADPlastADJ,PUNCTasSCONJhePRONcouldAUXnotPARTfindVERBhimPRON,PUNCThePRONthoughtVERBtheDEThawkNOUNmustAUXhaveAUXgoneVERBhomeADV,PUNCTsoADVhePRONchargedVERBbackADVagainADVthroughADPtheDETbushNOUNtoADPtheDEThawkNOUN’sPARThouseNOUNandCCONJatADPtimesNOUNtheDEThawkNOUNhadVERBtoPARTfollowVERBhimPRONbySCONJflyingVERBasSCONJtheDETbushNOUNwasAUXsoADVthickADJ,PUNCTbutCCONJwhenADVtheDETcountryNOUNwasAUXopenADJhePRONquicklyADVsettledVERBquiteADVsoftlyADVonADPtheDETbushNOUNcowNOUN’sPARThornsNOUNagainADV.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ForforADP_3 timecase
2somesomeDETPronType=Ind3 timedet
3timetimeNOUNNumber=Sing7 ranobl
4thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art6 cowdet
5bushbushNOUNNumber=Sing6 cowcompound
6cowcowNOUNNumber=Sing7 rannsubj
7ranrunVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
8aboutaboutADV_7 ranadvmod
9ininADP_11 directionscase
10allallDETPronType=Tot11 directionsdet
11directionsdirectionNOUNNumber=Plur7 ranobl
12searchingsearchVERBVerbForm=Ger11 directionsacl
13forforADP_15 hawkcase
14thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art15 hawkdet
15hawkhawkNOUNNumber=Sing12 searchingobl
16,,PUNCT_19 lastpunct
17untiluntilADP_19 lastcase
18atatADP_19 lastcase
19lastlastADJDegree=Pos7 ranconj
20,,PUNCT_25 findpunct
21asasSCONJ_25 findmark
22hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs25 findnsubj
23couldcouldAUXVerbForm=Fin25 findaux
24notnotPARTPolarity=Neg25 findadvmod
25findfindVERBVerbForm=Inf19 lastparataxis
26himhePRONCase=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs25 findobj
27,,PUNCT_29 thoughtpunct
28hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs29 thoughtnsubj
29thoughtthinkVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin7 ranconj
30thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art31 hawkdet
31hawkhawkNOUNNumber=Sing34 gonensubj
32mustmustAUXVerbForm=Fin34 goneaux
33havehaveAUXVerbForm=Inf34 goneaux
34gonegoVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part29 thoughtccomp
35homehomeADV_34 goneadvmod
36,,PUNCT_39 chargedpunct
37sosoADV_39 chargedadvmod
38hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs39 chargednsubj
39chargedchargeVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin7 ranparataxis
40backbackADV_39 chargedadvmod
41againagainADV_39 chargedadvmod
42throughthroughADP_44 bushcase
43thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art44 bushdet
44bushbushNOUNNumber=Sing39 chargedobl
45totoADP_49 housecase
46thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art47 hawkdet
47hawkhawkNOUNNumber=Sing49 housenmod:poss
48’s'sPART_47 hawkcase
49househouseNOUNNumber=Sing39 chargedobl
50andandCCONJ_55 hadcc
51atatADP_52 timescase
52timestimeNOUNNumber=Plur55 hadobl
53thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art54 hawkdet
54hawkhawkNOUNNumber=Sing55 hadnsubj
55hadhaveVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin39 chargedconj
56totoPART_57 followmark
57followfollowVERBVerbForm=Inf55 hadxcomp
58himhePRONCase=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs57 followobj
59bybySCONJ_60 flyingmark
60flyingflyVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part57 followadvcl
61asasSCONJ_66 thickmark
62thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art63 bushdet
63bushbushNOUNNumber=Sing66 thicknsubj
64wasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin66 thickcop
65sosoADV_66 thickadvmod
66thickthickADJDegree=Pos60 flyingccomp
67,,PUNCT_73 openpunct
68butbutCCONJ_73 opencc
69whenwhenADVPronType=Int73 openadvmod
70thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art71 countrydet
71countrycountryNOUNNumber=Sing73 opennsubj
72wasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin73 opencop
73openopenADJDegree=Pos7 ranparataxis
74hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs76 settlednsubj
75quicklyquicklyADV_76 settledadvmod
76settledsettleVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin73 openconj
77quitequiteADV_78 softlyadvmod
78softlysoftlyADV_76 settledadvmod
79ononADP_84 hornscase
80thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art82 cowdet
81bushbushNOUNNumber=Sing82 cowcompound
82cowcowNOUNNumber=Sing84 hornsnmod:poss
83’s'sPART_82 cowcase
84hornshornNOUNNumber=Plur76 settledobl
85againagainADV_76 settledadvmod
86..PUNCT_7 ranpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1run aboutpastthe bush cowall directionstimeabout propertyvn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in direction=Trajectory
2searchgerundall directions not said herefor the hawkvn search-35.2 «NP V PP.theme NP.location»: agent=Agent for hawk=Theme
3not findcouldantelopekingvn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Topic
4think speech: otherpastantelopevn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
5gomust · perfectthe hawkhome propertyvn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
6charge backpastantelopethe bushagainto the hawk's housevn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to house=Destination
7havepastthe hawktimetree rules
8followto-infinitivethe hawk not said hereantelopevn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme
9flygerundthe hawk not said herevn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
10ispastthe bushthick propertytree rules
11ispastthe countryopen propertytree rules
12settlepastantelopeagainon the bush cow's horns; quickly, softly propertyvn correspond-36.1 «NP V PP.theme S»: agent=Agent on horn=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/23/25/