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Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxx.--the Game of Hide-and-seek As Played By the Hawk and the Bush Cow., sentence 37

Now at this time the cocks and hens, who were related to the bush fowls, used to live with them in the same place, and when the eagle told them that the hawk would kill their chickens, they made up their minds to go and live with the men.

Who acts: cocks, eagle, hawk, eagles, hawks · What happens: be, fowl, use, live, tell, kill · To what, where: same place, cocks, chickens, minds · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxx.--the Game of Hide-and-seek As Played By the Hawk and the Bush Cow.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cocks, eagle, hawk, eagles), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

casedetobldetapposccconjpunctnsubjcopparataxiscasedetoblparataxispunctadvclmarkxcompcaseoblcasedetamodoblpunctccmarkdetnsubjadvcliobjmarkdetnsubjauxccompnmod:possobjpunctnsubjparataxiscompound:prtnmod:possobjmarkadvclccconjcasedetoblpunctrootNowADVatADPthisDETtimeNOUNtheDETcocksNOUNandCCONJhensNOUN,PUNCTwhoPRONwereAUXrelatedADJtoADPtheDETbushNOUNfowlsVERB,PUNCTusedVERBtoPARTliveVERBwithADPthemPRONinADPtheDETsameADJplaceNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJwhenSCONJtheDETeagleNOUNtoldVERBthemPRONthatSCONJtheDEThawkNOUNwouldAUXkillVERBtheirPRONchickensNOUN,PUNCTtheyPRONmadeVERBupADPtheirPRONmindsNOUNtoPARTgoVERBandCCONJliveVERBwithADPtheDETmenNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1NownowADVPronType=Demrootroot
2atatADP_4 timecase
3thisthisDETNumber=Sing PronType=Dem4 timedet
4timetimeNOUNNumber=Sing1 Nowobl
5thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art6 cocksdet
6cockscockNOUNNumber=Plur4 timeappos
7andandCCONJ_8 henscc
8henshenNOUNNumber=Plur6 cocksconj
9,,PUNCT_12 relatedpunct
10whowhoPRONPronType=Rel12 relatednsubj
11werebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin12 relatedcop
12relatedrelatedADJDegree=Pos6 cocksparataxis
13totoADP_15 bushcase
14thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art15 bushdet
15bushbushNOUNNumber=Sing16 fowlsobl
16fowlsfowlVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin12 relatedparataxis
17,,PUNCT_18 usedpunct
18useduseVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass16 fowlsadvcl
19totoPART_20 livemark
20liveliveVERBVerbForm=Inf18 usedxcomp
21withwithADP_22 themcase
22themtheyPRONCase=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs20 liveobl
23ininADP_26 placecase
24thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art26 placedet
25samesameADJDegree=Pos26 placeamod
26placeplaceNOUNNumber=Sing20 liveobl
27,,PUNCT_43 madepunct
28andandCCONJ_43 madecc
29whenwhenSCONJ_32 toldmark
30thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art31 eagledet
31eagleeagleNOUNNumber=Sing32 toldnsubj
32toldtellVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin43 madeadvcl
33themtheyPRONCase=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs32 toldiobj
34thatthatSCONJ_38 killmark
35thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art36 hawkdet
36hawkhawkNOUNNumber=Sing38 killnsubj
37wouldwouldAUXVerbForm=Fin38 killaux
38killkillVERBVerbForm=Inf32 toldccomp
39theirtheirPRONCase=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs40 chickensnmod:poss
40chickenschickenNOUNNumber=Plur38 killobj
41,,PUNCT_32 toldpunct
42theytheyPRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs43 madensubj
43mademakeVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin16 fowlsparataxis
44upupADP_43 madecompound:prt
45theirtheirPRONCase=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs46 mindsnmod:poss
46mindsmindNOUNNumber=Plur43 madeobj
47totoPART_48 gomark
48gogoVERBVerbForm=Inf43 madeadvcl
49andandCCONJ_50 livecc
50liveliveVERBVerbForm=Inf48 goconj
51withwithADP_53 mencase
52thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art53 mendet
53menmanNOUNNumber=Plur50 liveobl
54..PUNCT_1 Nowpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1ispastthe cocks and hensrelated propertytree rules
2fowlpresentto the bushvn berry-13.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3useparticiplevn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
4liveto-infinitivethe same placewith cocks = cockvn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with they=Location
5tell speech: assertpastthe eaglecocks = cockvn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent they=Recipient clause=Topic
6killwouldthe hawkhawks's chickensvn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chicken=Theme
7make uppasteagles = eaglehawks's mindsvn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme mind=Pivot
8goto-infinitiveeagles = eagle not said herevn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
9liveinfinitiveeagles = eagle not said herewith the menvn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with man=Location
11mindhawks = hawknom mind «cognition transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/23/37/