Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 1, sentence 46
When the evening came, all the men and women were called together to dance and sing, the chief giving them plenty of palm wine to drink and doing everything he could think of to show ’Ndere that the python was his son.
Who acts: evening, Chief, python · What happens: come, call together, dance, sing, give, drink · To what, where: men, plenty, everything, ’, son · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (evening, Chief, python), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | SCONJ | _ | 4 came | mark |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 evening | det |
| 3 | evening | evening | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 came | nsubj |
| 4 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 called | advcl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 came | punct |
| 6 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 8 men | det:predet |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 men | det |
| 8 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 called | nsubj:pass |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 women | cc |
| 10 | women | woman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 men | conj |
| 11 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 called | aux:pass |
| 12 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 13 | together | together | ADV | _ | 12 called | advmod |
| 14 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 dance | mark |
| 15 | dance | dance | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 called | advcl |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 sing | cc |
| 17 | sing | sing | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 dance | conj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 chief | punct |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 chief | det |
| 20 | chief | chief | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 called | conj |
| 21 | giving | give | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 20 chief | advcl |
| 22 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 giving | iobj |
| 23 | plenty | plenty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 giving | obj |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 wine | case |
| 25 | palm | palm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 wine | compound |
| 26 | wine | wine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 plenty | nmod |
| 27 | to | to | PART | _ | 28 drink | mark |
| 28 | drink | drink | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 giving | advcl |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 doing | cc |
| 30 | doing | do | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 21 giving | conj |
| 31 | everything | everything | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Tot | 30 doing | obj |
| 32 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 think | nsubj |
| 33 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 34 think | aux |
| 34 | think | think | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 everything | acl:relcl |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 show | case |
| 36 | to | to | PART | _ | 37 show | mark |
| 37 | show | show | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 34 think | ccomp |
| 38 | ’ | ' | X | _ | 37 show | obj |
| 39 | Ndere | Ndere | PROPN | Number=Sing | 38 ’ | goeswith |
| 40 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 45 son | mark |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 python | det |
| 42 | python | python | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 son | nsubj |
| 43 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 45 son | cop |
| 44 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 45 son | nmod:poss |
| 45 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 ’ | flat |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 called | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | the evening | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | call together speech: assert | past · passive | all men and women | together property | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | dance | to-infinitive | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | sing speech: express | infinitive | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 5 | give | gerund | plenty of palm wine | men = man | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient plenty=Theme | ||||
| 6 | drink | to-infinitive | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 7 | do | gerund | everything | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent everything=Eventuality | |||||
| 8 | think speech: other | could | Chief | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 9 | show | to-infinitive | ’ Ndere | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent '=Recipient | |||||
| 10 | is a | past | the python | Chief's son | Chief nmod:poss | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/24/46/