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Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 1, sentence 64

Towards the evening the four young men returned to the town and reported to the chief that ’Ndere and her husband had not passed along the road which they were guarding.

Who acts: four young men, road · What happens: return, report, not pass, guard · To what, where: husband

This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (four young men, road), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

casedetobldetnummodamodnsubjcasedetoblccconjcasedetoblobjpunctoblccnmod:possnsubj:passauxadvmodacl:relclcasedetoblnsubjnsubjauxacl:relclpunctrootTowardsADPtheDETeveningNOUNtheDETfourNUMyoungADJmenNOUNreturnedVERBtoADPtheDETtownNOUNandCCONJreportedVERBtoADPtheDETchiefNOUNthatPRON’PUNCTNderePROPNandCCONJherPRONhusbandNOUNhadAUXnotPARTpassedVERBalongADPtheDETroadNOUNwhichPRONtheyPRONwereAUXguardingVERB.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1TowardstowardsADP_3 eveningcase
2thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art3 eveningdet
3eveningeveningNOUNNumber=Sing8 returnedobl
4thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art7 mendet
5fourfourNUMNumForm=Word NumType=Card7 mennummod
6youngyoungADJDegree=Pos7 menamod
7menmanNOUNNumber=Plur8 returnednsubj
8returnedreturnVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
9totoADP_11 towncase
10thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art11 towndet
11towntownNOUNNumber=Sing8 returnedobl
12andandCCONJ_13 reportedcc
13reportedreportVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass8 returnedconj
14totoADP_16 chiefcase
15thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art16 chiefdet
16chiefchiefNOUNNumber=Sing13 reportedobl
17thatthatPRONPronType=Rel25 passedobj
18’'PUNCT_19 Nderepunct
19NdereNderePROPNNumber=Sing25 passedobl
20andandCCONJ_25 passedcc
21herherPRONCase=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs22 husbandnmod:poss
22husbandhusbandNOUNNumber=Sing25 passednsubj:pass
23hadhaveAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin25 passedaux
24notnotPARTPolarity=Neg25 passedadvmod
25passedpassVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass16 chiefacl:relcl
26alongalongADP_28 roadcase
27thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art28 roaddet
28roadroadNOUNNumber=Sing25 passedobl
29whichwhichPRONPronType=Rel32 guardingnsubj
30theytheyPRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs32 guardingnsubj
31werebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin32 guardingaux
32guardingguardVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part28 roadacl:relcl
33..PUNCT_8 returnedpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1returnpastthe four young meneveningto the town resultvn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient to town=Result
2reportparticiplethe four young men not said hereto the chiefvn subordinate-95.2.1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to chief=Co-Agent
3not passpast · perfect · passiveNdere's husbandalong the road; Ndere obl; the chief objvn give-13.1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient that=Theme
4guardpast · progressivethe roadmen = man nsubjvn defend-72.3 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/24/64/