Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 1, sentence 65
Chief Kaku then guessed that they must have taken the farm road, and had probably arrived safely at Okuni.
Who acts: Chief, men · What happens: guess, take, arrive · To what, where: farm road, Okuni · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chief, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chief | Chief | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 guessed | nsubj |
| 2 | Kaku | Kaku | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Chief | flat |
| 3 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 guessed | advmod |
| 4 | guessed | guess | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 9 taken | mark |
| 6 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 taken | nsubj |
| 7 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 9 taken | aux |
| 8 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 9 taken | aux |
| 9 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 guessed | ccomp |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 road | det |
| 11 | farm | farm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 road | compound |
| 12 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 taken | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 arrived | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 arrived | cc |
| 15 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 arrived | aux |
| 16 | probably | probably | ADV | _ | 17 arrived | advmod |
| 17 | arrived | arrive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 guessed | conj |
| 18 | safely | safely | ADV | _ | 17 arrived | advmod |
| 19 | at | at | ADP | _ | 20 Okuni | case |
| 20 | Okuni | Okuni | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 arrived | obl |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 guessed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | guess | past | Chief | then | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | ||||
| 2 | take | must · perfect | men = man | the farm road | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent road=Theme | ||||
| 3 | arrive | past · perfect | Chief not said here | Okuni | probably, safely property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/24/65/