Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 2, sentence 56
Early the next morning, Aictor perched himself on the topmost branch of the highest tree in the hunting camp, and started to call Agbor Adam’s name as loudly as he could.
Who acts: Aictor, Agbor · What happens: perch, start, call, name · To what, where: Aictor, topmost branch, name · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Aictor, Agbor), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Early | early | ADV | Degree=Pos | 4 morning | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 morning | det |
| 3 | next | next | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 morning | amod |
| 4 | morning | morning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 perched | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 morning | punct |
| 6 | Aictor | Aictor | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 perched | nsubj |
| 7 | perched | perch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 7 perched | obj |
| 9 | on | on | ADP | _ | 12 branch | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 branch | det |
| 11 | topmost | topmost | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 branch | amod |
| 12 | branch | branch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 perched | obl |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 tree | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 tree | det |
| 15 | highest | high | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 16 tree | amod |
| 16 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 branch | nmod |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 camp | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 camp | det |
| 19 | hunting | hunting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 camp | compound |
| 20 | camp | camp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 tree | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 started | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 started | cc |
| 23 | started | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 perched | conj |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 call | mark |
| 25 | call | call | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 started | xcomp |
| 26 | Agbor | Agbor | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 name | nmod:poss |
| 27 | Adam | Adam | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 Agbor | flat |
| 28 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 26 Agbor | case |
| 29 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 call | obj |
| 30 | as | as | ADV | _ | 31 loudly | advmod |
| 31 | loudly | loudly | ADV | _ | 25 call | advmod |
| 32 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 34 could | mark |
| 33 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 could | nsubj |
| 34 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 31 loudly | advcl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 perched | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | perch | past | Aictor | Aictor | the topmost branch of the highest tree in the hunting camp | morning | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent himself=Theme on branch=Destination | ||
| 2 | start | past | Aictor not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | call | to-infinitive | Aictor not said here | Agbor's name | loudly property | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent name=Recipient | |||
| 4 | name | Agbor | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/25/56/