Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 2, sentence 61
Yesterday I caught you breaking the chief’s hunting law by eating fish, and now I find you running away from the hunting party.”
Who acts: I, you · What happens: catch, break, eat, find, run away · To what, where: you, hunting law, fish, hunting party
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yesterday | yesterday | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 caught | obl:unmarked |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 caught | nsubj |
| 3 | caught | catch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 3 caught | obj |
| 5 | breaking | break | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 caught | xcomp |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 chief | det |
| 7 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 law | nmod:poss |
| 8 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 7 chief | case |
| 9 | hunting | hunting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 law | compound |
| 10 | law | law | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 breaking | obj |
| 11 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 12 eating | mark |
| 12 | eating | eat | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 breaking | advcl |
| 13 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 eating | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 find | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 find | cc |
| 16 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 18 find | advmod |
| 17 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 18 find | nsubj |
| 18 | find | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 caught | conj |
| 19 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 18 find | obj |
| 20 | running | run | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 18 find | xcomp |
| 21 | away | away | ADV | _ | 20 running | advmod |
| 22 | from | from | ADP | _ | 25 party | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 party | det |
| 24 | hunting | hunting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 party | compound |
| 25 | party | party | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 running | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 caught | punct |
| 27 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 caught | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | catch | past | I | you | yesterday | tree rules | |||
| 2 | break | gerund | I not said here | the chief's hunting law | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer law=Patient | ||||
| 3 | eat | gerund | I not said here | fish | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fish=Patient | ||||
| 4 | find | present | I | you | now | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent you=Attribute clause=Theme | |||
| 5 | run away | gerund | you not said here | the hunting party | away property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from party=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/25/61/