Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 3, sentence 53
As his son had been drowned, the chief would not allow his daughter to cross the river, and returned home with his people very sorrowfully.
Who acts: chief · What happens: drown, not allow, cross, return · To what, where: son, daughter, river
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 6 drowned | mark |
| 2 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 son | nmod:poss |
| 3 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 drowned | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 drowned | aux |
| 5 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 6 drowned | aux:pass |
| 6 | drowned | drown | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 allow | advcl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 drowned | punct |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 chief | det |
| 9 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 allow | nsubj |
| 10 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 12 allow | aux |
| 11 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 12 allow | advmod |
| 12 | allow | allow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 daughter | nmod:poss |
| 14 | daughter | daughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 allow | iobj |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 cross | mark |
| 16 | cross | cross | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 allow | xcomp |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 river | det |
| 18 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 cross | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 returned | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 returned | cc |
| 21 | returned | return | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 allow | parataxis |
| 22 | home | home | ADV | _ | 21 returned | advmod |
| 23 | with | with | ADP | _ | 25 people | case |
| 24 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 people | nmod:poss |
| 25 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 returned | obl |
| 26 | very | very | ADV | _ | 27 sorrowfully | advmod |
| 27 | sorrowfully | sorrowfully | ADV | _ | 21 returned | advmod |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 allow | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | drown | past · perfect · passive | son's son | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 2 | not allow | would | the chief | son's daughter | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Causer daughter=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | cross not said to happen | to-infinitive | the chief not said here | the river | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent river=Patient | ||||
| 4 | return | past | with son's people; home, sorrowfully property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/26/53/