Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 3, sentence 54
Chief Okim then ordered his people to tie up a bundle in a cloth to represent his son, and all people were ordered to mourn.
Who acts: Chief, people · What happens: order, tie up, represent, mourn · To what, where: people, bundle, cloth, son
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chief, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chief | Chief | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 ordered | nsubj |
| 2 | Okim | Okim | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Chief | flat |
| 3 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 ordered | advmod |
| 4 | ordered | order | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 people | nmod:poss |
| 6 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 ordered | obj |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 tie | mark |
| 8 | tie | tie | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 ordered | xcomp |
| 9 | up | up | ADP | _ | 8 tie | compound:prt |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 bundle | det |
| 11 | bundle | bundle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 tie | obj |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 cloth | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 cloth | det |
| 14 | cloth | cloth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 tie | obl |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 represent | mark |
| 16 | represent | represent | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 tie | advcl |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 son | nmod:poss |
| 18 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 represent | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 ordered | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 ordered | cc |
| 21 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 22 people | det |
| 22 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 ordered | nsubj |
| 23 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 ordered | aux:pass |
| 24 | ordered | order | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 ordered | parataxis |
| 25 | to | to | PART | _ | 26 mourn | mark |
| 26 | mourn | mourn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 ordered | xcomp |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 ordered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | order | past | Chief | chief's people | then | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent people=Recipient clause=Topic | |||
| 2 | tie up not said to happen | to-infinitive | Chief not said here | a bundle | a cloth | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bundle=Patient | |||
| 3 | represent | to-infinitive | Chief not said here | chief's son | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot son=Theme | ||||
| 4 | order | past · passive | all people | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | mourn not said to happen | to-infinitive | all people not said here | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/26/54/