Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 3, sentence 6
As no one could understand the bird, the chief sent to Uman compound for a woman named Iman, who was a native of Abijon, and could, therefore, speak Ingor.
Who acts: one, Iman, you · What happens: understand, send, name, be, speak · To what, where: bird, chief, Uman compound, woman, native, Ingor · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one, Iman, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 5 understand | mark |
| 2 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 3 one | det |
| 3 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 understand | nsubj |
| 4 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 understand | aux |
| 5 | understand | understand | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 33 speak | advcl |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 bird | det |
| 7 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 understand | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 chief | punct |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 chief | det |
| 10 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 bird | appos |
| 11 | sent | send | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 chief | acl |
| 12 | to | to | ADP | _ | 14 compound | case |
| 13 | Uman | uman | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 compound | amod |
| 14 | compound | compound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 sent | obl |
| 15 | for | for | ADP | _ | 17 woman | case |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 woman | det |
| 17 | woman | woman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 sent | obl:agent |
| 18 | named | name | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 woman | acl |
| 19 | Iman | Iman | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 named | xcomp |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 native | punct |
| 21 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 24 native | nsubj |
| 22 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 native | cop |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 native | det |
| 24 | native | native | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 Iman | appos |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 Abijon | case |
| 26 | Abijon | Abijon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 native | nmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 could | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 could | cc |
| 29 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 understand | conj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 could | punct |
| 31 | therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 29 could | advmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 speak | punct |
| 33 | speak | speak | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 34 | Ingor | Ingor | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 speak | obj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 33 speak | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | understand | could | no one | the bird | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer bird=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | send | participle | the chief not said here | Uman compound | a woman obl:agent | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to compound=Destination | |||
| 3 | name | participle | a woman not said here | Iman xcomp | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | is a | past | Iman | a native | of Abijon | tree rules | |||
| 5 | speak speech: other | imperative | you not said here | Ingor | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/26/6/