Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, E. Dayrell., sentence 1
I.--HOW AN INKUM WOMAN ABANDONED ONE OF HER TWINS IN THE FOREST, AND HOW IT WAS SAVED BY THE HAWK.
Who acts: I., HAWK · What happens: abandon, save · To what, where: ONE, FOREST
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, E. Dayrell.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I., HAWK), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I. | I. | X | Foreign=Yes | 7 ABANDONED | nsubj |
| 2 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 7 ABANDONED | punct |
| 3 | HOW | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 AN | advmod |
| 4 | AN | an | ADV | Typo=Yes | 7 ABANDONED | obl |
| 5 | INKUM | INKUM | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 WOMAN | compound |
| 6 | WOMAN | woman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 ABANDONED | nsubj |
| 7 | ABANDONED | abandon | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | ONE | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 7 ABANDONED | obj |
| 9 | OF | of | ADP | _ | 11 TWINS | case |
| 10 | HER | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 TWINS | nmod:poss |
| 11 | TWINS | twin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 ONE | nmod |
| 12 | IN | in | ADP | _ | 14 FOREST | case |
| 13 | THE | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 FOREST | det |
| 14 | FOREST | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 TWINS | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 SAVED | punct |
| 16 | AND | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 SAVED | cc |
| 17 | HOW | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 20 SAVED | advmod |
| 18 | IT | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 SAVED | nsubj:pass |
| 19 | WAS | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 SAVED | aux:pass |
| 20 | SAVED | save | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 ABANDONED | conj |
| 21 | BY | by | ADP | _ | 23 HAWK | case |
| 22 | THE | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 HAWK | det |
| 23 | HAWK | hawk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 SAVED | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 ABANDONED | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | abandon | past | I. | ONE of WOMAN's TWINS in the FOREST | INKUM WOMAN nsubj | vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial_location»: agent=Theme one=Source | |||
| 2 | save | past · passive | the HAWK | FOREST | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/3/1/