Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, E. Dayrell., sentence 24
Aro then took up some more fire, and Agbor put the same question to her again, and the fire Aro was holding went out a second time.
Who acts: Aro, Agbor, fire · What happens: take up, put, hold, go out · To what, where: more fire, same question, fire
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, E. Dayrell.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Aro, Agbor, fire), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Aro | Aro | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 took | nsubj |
| 2 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 took | advmod |
| 3 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | up | up | ADP | _ | 3 took | compound:prt |
| 5 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 7 fire | det |
| 6 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 7 fire | amod |
| 7 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 took | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 put | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 put | cc |
| 10 | Agbor | Agbor | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 put | nsubj |
| 11 | put | put | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 took | conj |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 question | det |
| 13 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 question | amod |
| 14 | question | question | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 put | obj |
| 15 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 her | case |
| 16 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 put | obl |
| 17 | again | again | ADV | _ | 11 put | advmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 went | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 went | cc |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 fire | det |
| 21 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 went | nsubj |
| 22 | Aro | Aro | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 holding | nsubj |
| 23 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 holding | aux |
| 24 | holding | hold | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 21 fire | acl:relcl |
| 25 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 took | conj |
| 26 | out | out | ADP | _ | 25 went | compound:prt |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 time | det |
| 28 | second | second | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 29 time | amod |
| 29 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 went | obl:unmarked |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 took | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take up | past | Aro | some more fire | then | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Theme | |||
| 2 | put | past | Agbor | the same question | fire | again | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent question=Goal | ||
| 3 | hold | past · progressive | Aro | the fire not said here | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Theme | ||||
| 4 | go out | past | the fire | time | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/3/24/