Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tortoise Has a Patched Shell., sentence 32
The hare was careful to drink only a little himself, and very soon the bush cow had finished the whole calabash.
Who acts: hare · What happens: be, drink, finish · To what, where: little, bush cow
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tortoise Has a Patched Shell.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hare), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 hare | det |
| 2 | hare | hare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 careful | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 careful | cop |
| 4 | careful | careful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 drink | mark |
| 6 | drink | drink | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 careful | xcomp |
| 7 | only | only | ADV | _ | 9 little | advmod |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 little | det |
| 9 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 drink | obj |
| 10 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 9 little | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 finished | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 finished | cc |
| 13 | very | very | ADV | _ | 14 soon | advmod |
| 14 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 19 finished | advmod |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 cow | det |
| 16 | bush | bush | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 cow | compound |
| 17 | cow | cow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 finished | nsubj:pass |
| 18 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 finished | aux |
| 19 | finished | finish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 careful | advcl |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 calabash | det |
| 21 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 calabash | amod |
| 22 | calabash | calabash | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 finished | obj |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 careful | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | the hare | careful property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | drink | to-infinitive | the hare not said here | a little hare | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent little=Patient | ||||
| 3 | finish | past · perfect · passive | the bush cow | the whole calabash obj; soon property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/4/32/