Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tortoise Has a Patched Shell., sentence 75
The Inkum people came from a country about five or six days’ march north-west of the site of their present town, where hares abound.
Who acts: Inkum people, five days, hares · What happens: come, march, abound · To what, where: country, west
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tortoise Has a Patched Shell.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Inkum people, five days, hares), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 people | det |
| 2 | Inkum | Inkum | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 people | compound |
| 3 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 came | nsubj |
| 4 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | from | from | ADP | _ | 7 country | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 country | det |
| 7 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 came | obl |
| 8 | about | about | ADV | _ | 9 five | advmod |
| 9 | five | five | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 12 days | nummod |
| 10 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 11 six | cc |
| 11 | six | six | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 9 five | conj |
| 12 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 march | nsubj |
| 13 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 12 days | punct |
| 14 | march | march | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 came | parataxis |
| 15 | north | north | ADV | _ | 17 west | advmod |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 15 north | punct |
| 17 | west | west | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 march | obj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 site | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 site | det |
| 20 | site | site | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 west | nmod |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 town | case |
| 22 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 town | nmod:poss |
| 23 | present | present | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 town | amod |
| 24 | town | town | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 site | nmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 abound | punct |
| 26 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 28 abound | advmod |
| 27 | hares | hare | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 abound | nsubj |
| 28 | abound | abound | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 town | acl:relcl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | the Inkum people | a country | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from country=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | march | present | five days | west of the site of people's present town | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme west=Trajectory | ||||
| 3 | abound | present | hares | vn swarm-47.5.1-2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/4/75/