Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tortoise Has a Patched Shell., sentence 90
The mushroom, who was kind-hearted, then took pity on Igiri, and turned itself into a boy baby, much to the joy of the woman, who at once picked the baby up and placed him in her basket with the mushrooms.
Who acts: mushroom, woman · What happens: be, take, turn, pick up, place, joy · To what, where: pity, Igiri, MUSHROOM, boy baby, baby, son
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tortoise Has a Patched Shell.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mushroom, woman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 mushroom | det |
| 2 | mushroom | mushroom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 took | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 hearted | punct |
| 4 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 hearted | nsubj |
| 5 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 hearted | cop |
| 6 | kind | kind | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 hearted | compound |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 kind | punct |
| 8 | hearted | hearted | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 mushroom | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 mushroom | punct |
| 10 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 11 took | advmod |
| 11 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | pity | pity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 took | obj |
| 13 | on | on | ADP | _ | 14 Igiri | case |
| 14 | Igiri | Igiri | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 took | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 turned | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 turned | cc |
| 17 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 took | conj |
| 18 | itself | itself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 17 turned | obj |
| 19 | into | into | ADP | _ | 22 baby | case |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 baby | det |
| 21 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 baby | compound |
| 22 | baby | baby | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 turned | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 much | punct |
| 24 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 baby | amod |
| 25 | to | to | ADP | _ | 27 joy | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 joy | det |
| 27 | joy | joy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 much | nmod |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 woman | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 woman | det |
| 30 | woman | woman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 joy | nmod |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 picked | punct |
| 32 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 35 picked | nsubj |
| 33 | at | at | SCONJ | _ | 35 picked | mark |
| 34 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 35 picked | advmod |
| 35 | picked | pick | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 woman | acl:relcl |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 baby | det |
| 37 | baby | baby | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 picked | obj |
| 38 | up | up | ADP | _ | 35 picked | compound:prt |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 placed | cc |
| 40 | placed | place | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 picked | conj |
| 41 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 placed | obj |
| 42 | in | in | ADP | _ | 44 basket | case |
| 43 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 44 basket | nmod:poss |
| 44 | basket | basket | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 placed | obl |
| 45 | with | with | ADP | _ | 47 mushrooms | case |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 mushrooms | det |
| 47 | mushrooms | mushroom | NOUN | Number=Plur | 44 basket | nmod |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 took | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | the mushroom | hearted property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | take | past | the mushroom | pity | Igiri | then | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent pity=Theme on igiri=Destination | ||
| 3 | turn | past | the mushroom not said here | MUSHROOM | a boy baby | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent itself=Theme into baby=Trajectory | |||
| 4 | pick up | past | the woman | the baby | once property | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baby=Topic | |||
| 5 | place | past | the woman not said here | son | woman's basket with the mushrooms | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme in basket=Destination | |||
| 6 | joy | the woman | nom joy «feeling transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/4/90/