Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Iv.--how Elili of Inkum Died, and Was Brought Back to Life Again., sentence 65
She said to herself, “It is very dull living with Leku all the time.
Who acts: Akoba, life · What happens: say, be, live · To what, where: Akoba · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Iv.--how Elili of Inkum Died, and Was Brought Back to Life Again.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Akoba, life), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | She | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 said | nsubj |
| 2 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | to | to | ADP | _ | 4 herself | case |
| 4 | herself | herself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 2 said | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 dull | punct |
| 6 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 dull | punct |
| 7 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 dull | nsubj |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 dull | cop |
| 9 | very | very | ADV | _ | 10 dull | advmod |
| 10 | dull | dull | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 said | parataxis |
| 11 | living | live | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 dull | advcl |
| 12 | with | with | ADP | _ | 13 Leku | case |
| 13 | Leku | Leku | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 living | obl |
| 14 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 16 time | det:predet |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 time | det |
| 16 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 living | obl:unmarked |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Akoba | Akoba | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to herself=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | is in a quote | present | life | dull property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | live in a quote | gerund | life not said here | time | with Leku | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with leku=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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