Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Iv.--how Elili of Inkum Died, and Was Brought Back to Life Again., sentence 66
If I kill him, I can have any man I fancy and make plenty of money, as all the young men want me, and are willing to pay, whereas now I have to do all the housework, and work hard on the farm, and Leku does not ‘dash’ me anything.”
Who acts: I, young men, Leku · What happens: kill, have, fancy, make, want, be · To what, where: Chief, man, plenty, me, housework
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Iv.--how Elili of Inkum Died, and Was Brought Back to Life Again.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, young men, Leku), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 3 kill | mark |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 kill | nsubj |
| 3 | kill | kill | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 have | advcl |
| 4 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 kill | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 kill | punct |
| 6 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 8 have | nsubj |
| 7 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 8 have | aux |
| 8 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 9 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 10 man | det |
| 10 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 have | obj |
| 11 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 12 fancy | nsubj |
| 12 | fancy | fancy | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 man | acl:relcl |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 make | cc |
| 14 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 fancy | conj |
| 15 | plenty | plenty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 make | obj |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 money | case |
| 17 | money | money | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 plenty | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 want | punct |
| 19 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 24 want | mark |
| 20 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 23 men | det:predet |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 men | det |
| 22 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 men | amod |
| 23 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 want | nsubj |
| 24 | want | want | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 have | parataxis |
| 25 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 24 want | obj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 willing | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 willing | cc |
| 28 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 willing | cop |
| 29 | willing | willing | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 want | conj |
| 30 | to | to | PART | _ | 31 pay | mark |
| 31 | pay | pay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 willing | xcomp |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 have | punct |
| 33 | whereas | whereas | ADV | _ | 36 have | advmod |
| 34 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 36 have | advmod |
| 35 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 36 have | nsubj |
| 36 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 have | advcl |
| 37 | to | to | PART | _ | 38 do | mark |
| 38 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 36 have | xcomp |
| 39 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 41 housework | det:predet |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 housework | det |
| 41 | housework | housework | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 do | obj |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 work | punct |
| 43 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 work | cc |
| 44 | work | work | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 have | parataxis |
| 45 | hard | hard | ADV | Degree=Pos | 44 work | advmod |
| 46 | on | on | ADP | _ | 48 farm | case |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 farm | det |
| 48 | farm | farm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 work | obl |
| 49 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 55 dash | punct |
| 50 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 55 dash | cc |
| 51 | Leku | Leku | PROPN | Number=Sing | 55 dash | nsubj |
| 52 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 55 dash | aux |
| 53 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 55 dash | advmod |
| 54 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 55 dash | punct |
| 55 | dash | dash | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 anything | appos |
| 56 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 55 dash | punct |
| 57 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 55 dash | nmod |
| 58 | anything | anything | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 8 have | parataxis |
| 59 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 have | punct |
| 60 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 have | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | kill a condition, not said to happen | present | I | Chief | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | ||||
| 2 | have | can | I | any man | anything parataxis | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Patient | |||
| 3 | fancy | present | I | any man not said here | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer man=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | make | present | I not said here | plenty of money | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset plenty=Product | ||||
| 5 | want | present | all young men | me | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot i=Theme | ||||
| 6 | is | present | all young men not said here | willing property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | pay | to-infinitive | all young men not said here | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 8 | have | present | I | now | whereas property | tree rules | |||
| 9 | do | to-infinitive | I not said here | all housework | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent housework=Eventuality | ||||
| 10 | work | present | on the farm; hard property | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent on farm=Theme | |||||
| 11 | not dash | present · do-support | Leku | me | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/5/66/