Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper., sentence 107
When the morning came, the little girl went off with her pot, as before, and having filled it with water, carried it back into the bush some little way from the river, and then sat down, and called for her mother to come and help her.
Who acts: morning, little girl · What happens: come, go off, fill, carry back, sit down, call · To what, where: pot, bush, mother · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (morning, little girl), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | SCONJ | _ | 4 came | mark |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 morning | det |
| 3 | morning | morning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 came | nsubj |
| 4 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 went | advcl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 came | punct |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 girl | det |
| 7 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 girl | amod |
| 8 | girl | girl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 went | nsubj |
| 9 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | off | off | ADP | _ | 9 went | compound:prt |
| 11 | with | with | ADP | _ | 13 pot | case |
| 12 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 pot | nmod:poss |
| 13 | pot | pot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 went | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 filled | punct |
| 15 | as | as | ADP | _ | 16 before | case |
| 16 | before | before | ADV | _ | 20 filled | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 filled | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 filled | cc |
| 19 | having | have | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 20 filled | aux |
| 20 | filled | fill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 9 went | conj |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 filled | obj |
| 22 | with | with | ADP | _ | 23 water | case |
| 23 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 filled | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 carried | punct |
| 25 | carried | carry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 went | parataxis |
| 26 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 carried | obj |
| 27 | back | back | ADV | _ | 25 carried | advmod |
| 28 | into | into | ADP | _ | 30 bush | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 bush | det |
| 30 | bush | bush | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 carried | obl |
| 31 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 33 way | det |
| 32 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 way | amod |
| 33 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 carried | obl:unmarked |
| 34 | from | from | ADP | _ | 36 river | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 river | det |
| 36 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 way | nmod |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 sat | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 sat | cc |
| 39 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 40 sat | advmod |
| 40 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 carried | conj |
| 41 | down | down | ADP | _ | 40 sat | compound:prt |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 called | punct |
| 43 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 called | cc |
| 44 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 went | parataxis |
| 45 | for | for | ADP | _ | 47 mother | case |
| 46 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 47 mother | nmod:poss |
| 47 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 called | obl |
| 48 | to | to | PART | _ | 49 come | mark |
| 49 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 44 called | advcl |
| 50 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 51 help | cc |
| 51 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 49 come | conj |
| 52 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 51 help | obj |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | the morning | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | go off | past | the little girl | with girl's pot | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | fill | gerund · perfect | the little girl not said here | pot | with water | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent it=Patient with water=Instrument | |||
| 4 | carry back | past | pot | the bush | some little way from the river obl:unmarked | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | |||
| 5 | sit down | past | then | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | call | past | for girl's mother | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S_INF»: agent=Agent for mother=Recipient | |||||
| 7 | come | to-infinitive | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 8 | help | infinitive | mother | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Beneficiary |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/6/107/