Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper., sentence 41
He then went out again to where the people were dancing, and to his great surprise he saw the grasshopper, where he had left him, dancing and enjoying himself with some pretty young girls.
Who acts: grasshopper, people · What happens: go out, dance, see, leave, enjoy, surprise · To what, where: grasshopper, Dabi
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (grasshopper, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 went | nsubj |
| 2 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 went | advmod |
| 3 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | out | out | ADV | _ | 3 went | advmod |
| 5 | again | again | ADV | _ | 3 went | advmod |
| 6 | to | to | SCONJ | _ | 11 dancing | mark |
| 7 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 11 dancing | advmod |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 people | det |
| 9 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 dancing | nsubj |
| 10 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 dancing | aux |
| 11 | dancing | dance | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 went | advcl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 saw | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 saw | cc |
| 14 | to | to | ADP | _ | 17 surprise | case |
| 15 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 surprise | nmod:poss |
| 16 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 surprise | amod |
| 17 | surprise | surprise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 saw | obl |
| 18 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 saw | nsubj |
| 19 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | conj |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 grasshopper | det |
| 21 | grasshopper | grasshopper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 saw | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 left | punct |
| 23 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 26 left | advmod |
| 24 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 left | nsubj |
| 25 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 left | aux |
| 26 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 19 saw | conj |
| 27 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 left | obj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 dancing | punct |
| 29 | dancing | dance | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 26 left | advcl |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 enjoying | cc |
| 31 | enjoying | enjoy | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 29 dancing | conj |
| 32 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 31 enjoying | obj |
| 33 | with | with | ADP | _ | 37 girls | case |
| 34 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 37 girls | det |
| 35 | pretty | pretty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 girls | amod |
| 36 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 girls | amod |
| 37 | girls | girl | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 enjoying | obl |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go out | past | grasshopper | then; again | out property | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 2 | dance | past · progressive | the people | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | see | past | grasshopper | the grasshopper | to grasshopper's great surprise | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer grasshopper=Stimulus | |||
| 4 | leave | past · perfect | grasshopper | Dabi | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | ||||
| 5 | dance | gerund | grasshopper not said here | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | enjoy | gerund | grasshopper not said here | grasshopper | with some pretty young girls | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer himself=Stimulus | |||
| 7 | surprise | grasshopper | nom surprise «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/6/41/