Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop., sentence 117
One of the boys had brought some strong tie-tie with him, and two others went off and soon came back again with a heavy stone.
Who acts: some, two others · What happens: bring, tie, go off, come back · To what, where: One
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (some, two others), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | One | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 6 brought | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 boys | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 boys | det |
| 4 | boys | boy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 brought | obl |
| 5 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 brought | aux |
| 6 | brought | bring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 11 tie | nsubj |
| 8 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 tie | amod |
| 9 | tie | tie | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 tie | compound |
| 10 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 9 tie | punct |
| 11 | tie | tie | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 brought | conj |
| 12 | with | with | ADP | _ | 13 him | case |
| 13 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 tie | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 went | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 went | cc |
| 16 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 17 others | nummod |
| 17 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 went | nsubj |
| 18 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 brought | parataxis |
| 19 | off | off | ADP | _ | 18 went | compound:prt |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 came | cc |
| 21 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 22 came | advmod |
| 22 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 went | conj |
| 23 | back | back | ADV | _ | 22 came | advmod |
| 24 | again | again | ADV | _ | 22 came | advmod |
| 25 | with | with | ADP | _ | 28 stone | case |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 stone | det |
| 27 | heavy | heavy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 stone | amod |
| 28 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 came | obl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 brought | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bring | past · perfect · passive | One | of the boys | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: subject=Theme of boy=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | tie | some | with Ogor | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | go off | past | two others | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | come back | past | two others not said here | again | with a heavy stone; soon property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/7/117/