Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop., sentence 33
The next day he called all his people together, and they held a big palaver to settle what should be done.
Who acts: Chief, people · What happens: call, hold, settle, do · To what, where: people, big palaver · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chief, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 day | det |
| 2 | next | next | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 day | amod |
| 3 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 called | obl:unmarked |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 called | nsubj |
| 5 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 8 people | det:predet |
| 7 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 people | nmod:poss |
| 8 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 called | obj |
| 9 | together | together | ADV | _ | 5 called | advmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 held | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 held | cc |
| 12 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 held | nsubj |
| 13 | held | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 called | conj |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 palaver | det |
| 15 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 palaver | amod |
| 16 | palaver | palaver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 held | obj |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 settle | mark |
| 18 | settle | settle | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 palaver | acl |
| 19 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 22 done | obj |
| 20 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 done | aux |
| 21 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 22 done | aux:pass |
| 22 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 settle | ccomp |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 called | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | past | Chief | Chief's people | day | together property | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent people=Recipient | ||
| 2 | hold | past | people | a big palaver | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent palaver=Theme | ||||
| 3 | settle | to-infinitive | people not said here | a big palaver not said here | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | do | should · passive | people not said here | what obj | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: what=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/7/33/