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Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop., sentence 34

At the meeting, one of the boys who had been a member of the Eberambi society got up and said that five of their members were missing, and he believed that it was the Inkum people who had killed them, and that they had stolen the children as well.

Who acts: one member, five, meeting · What happens: be, get up, say, believe, kill, steal · To what, where: one member, meeting, palaver, people · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one member, five, meeting), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

casedetoblpunctnummodcasedetoblnsubjauxcopdetnsubjcasedetcompoundnmodadvmodccconjmarknsubjcasenmod:possnmodcopccomppunctccnsubjconjmarknsubj:passaux:passdetcompoundnsubj:passnsubj:passauxccompobjpunctccmarknsubj:passauxconjdetobjadvmodfixedpunctrootAtADPtheDETmeetingNOUN,PUNCToneNUMofADPtheDETboysNOUNwhoPRONhadAUXbeenAUXaDETmemberNOUNofADPtheDETEberambiPROPNsocietyNOUNgotVERBupADVandCCONJsaidVERBthatSCONJfiveNUMofADPtheirPRONmembersNOUNwereAUXmissingADJ,PUNCTandCCONJhePRONbelievedVERBthatSCONJitPRONwasAUXtheDETInkumPROPNpeopleNOUNwhoPRONhadAUXkilledVERBthemPRON,PUNCTandCCONJthatSCONJtheyPRONhadAUXstolenVERBtheDETchildrenNOUNasADVwellADV.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1AtatADP_3 meetingcase
2thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art3 meetingdet
3meetingmeetingNOUNNumber=Sing18 gotobl
4,,PUNCT_5 onepunct
5oneoneNUMNumForm=Word NumType=Card13 membernummod
6ofofADP_8 boyscase
7thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art8 boysdet
8boysboyNOUNNumber=Plur13 memberobl
9whowhoPRONPronType=Rel13 membernsubj
10hadhaveAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin13 memberaux
11beenbeAUXTense=Past VerbForm=Part13 membercop
12aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art13 memberdet
13membermemberNOUNNumber=Sing18 gotnsubj
14ofofADP_17 societycase
15thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art17 societydet
16EberambiEberambiPROPNNumber=Sing17 societycompound
17societysocietyNOUNNumber=Sing13 membernmod
18gotgetVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
19upupADV_18 gotadvmod
20andandCCONJ_21 saidcc
21saidsayVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin18 gotconj
22thatthatSCONJ_28 missingmark
23fivefiveNUMNumForm=Word NumType=Card28 missingnsubj
24ofofADP_26 memberscase
25theirtheirPRONCase=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs26 membersnmod:poss
26membersmemberNOUNNumber=Plur23 fivenmod
27werebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin28 missingcop
28missingmissingADJDegree=Pos21 saidccomp
29,,PUNCT_32 believedpunct
30andandCCONJ_32 believedcc
31hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs32 believednsubj
32believedbelieveVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin18 gotconj
33thatthatSCONJ_41 killedmark
34ititPRONCase=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs41 killednsubj:pass
35wasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin41 killedaux:pass
36thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art38 peopledet
37InkumInkumPROPNNumber=Sing38 peoplecompound
38peoplepeopleNOUNNumber=Plur41 killednsubj:pass
39whowhoPRONPronType=Rel41 killednsubj:pass
40hadhaveAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin41 killedaux
41killedkillVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass32 believedccomp
42themtheyPRONCase=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs41 killedobj
43,,PUNCT_48 stolenpunct
44andandCCONJ_48 stolencc
45thatthatSCONJ_48 stolenmark
46theytheyPRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs48 stolennsubj:pass
47hadhaveAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin48 stolenaux
48stolenstealVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass18 gotconj
49thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art50 childrendet
50childrenchildNOUNNumber=Plur48 stolenobj
51asasADVExtPos=ADV48 stolenadvmod
52wellwellADVDegree=Pos51 asfixed
53..PUNCT_18 gotpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1is apast · perfecta one memberof the boys; of the Eberambi society; who nsubjtree rules
2get uppasta one memberthe meetingvn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
3say speech: assertpasta one member not said herevn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
4ispastfive of members's membersmissing propertytree rules
5believepastmeetingvn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
6killpast · perfect · passivepalaverthe Inkum people nsubj:pass; who nsubj:pass; people objvn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Experiencer they=Result
7stealpast · perfect · passivepeoplethe children objvn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP NP»: subject=Beneficiary child=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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