Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop., sentence 35
After a long discussion, it was decided to drive the Inkum people away, and to send them back across the river again, so a message was sent to Chief Indoma to tell his people to leave their town at Enfitop and go over to the Inkum side.
What happens: decide, drive, send back, send, tell, leave · To what, where: palaver, Inkum people, people, river, message, Chief · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | After | after | ADP | _ | 4 discussion | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 discussion | det |
| 3 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 discussion | amod |
| 4 | discussion | discussion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 decided | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 discussion | punct |
| 6 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 decided | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 decided | aux:pass |
| 8 | decided | decide | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 drive | mark |
| 10 | drive | drive | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 decided | xcomp |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 people | det |
| 12 | Inkum | Inkum | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 people | compound |
| 13 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 drive | obj |
| 14 | away | away | ADV | _ | 10 drive | advmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 send | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 send | cc |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 send | mark |
| 18 | send | send | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 drive | conj |
| 19 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 send | obj |
| 20 | back | back | ADV | _ | 18 send | advmod |
| 21 | across | across | ADP | _ | 23 river | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 river | det |
| 23 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 send | obl |
| 24 | again | again | ADV | _ | 18 send | advmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 sent | punct |
| 26 | so | so | ADV | _ | 30 sent | advmod |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 message | det |
| 28 | message | message | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 sent | nsubj:pass |
| 29 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 sent | aux:pass |
| 30 | sent | send | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 decided | conj |
| 31 | to | to | ADP | _ | 32 Chief | case |
| 32 | Chief | Chief | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 sent | obl |
| 33 | Indoma | Indoma | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 Chief | flat |
| 34 | to | to | PART | _ | 35 tell | mark |
| 35 | tell | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 sent | advcl |
| 36 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 people | nmod:poss |
| 37 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 tell | iobj |
| 38 | to | to | PART | _ | 39 leave | mark |
| 39 | leave | leave | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 35 tell | ccomp |
| 40 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 41 town | nmod:poss |
| 41 | town | town | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 leave | obj |
| 42 | at | at | ADP | _ | 43 Enfitop | case |
| 43 | Enfitop | Enfitop | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 leave | obl |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 go | cc |
| 45 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 39 leave | conj |
| 46 | over | over | ADV | _ | 45 go | advmod |
| 47 | to | to | ADP | _ | 50 side | case |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 side | det |
| 49 | Inkum | Inkum | PROPN | Number=Sing | 50 side | compound |
| 50 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 go | obl |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 decided | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | decide | past · passive | palaver | after a long discussion | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V PP.co-agent that S»: subject=Co-Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | drive not said to happen | to-infinitive | the Inkum people | away property | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Theme | ||||
| 3 | send back | to-infinitive | people | the river | again | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | |||
| 4 | send | past · passive | a message | Chief | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to chief=Destination | ||||
| 5 | tell speech: assert | to-infinitive | Chief's people | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent people=Recipient clause=Topic | |||||
| 6 | leave not said to happen | to-infinitive | people's town | Enfitop | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent town=Theme at enfitop=Location | ||||
| 7 | go over | infinitive | to the Inkum side; over property | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/7/35/