Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop., sentence 68
This was done so that the chief could put his feet on them, to show that he had trampled on the enemies whom he had conquered.
Who acts: chief · What happens: do, put, show, trample, conquer · To what, where: This, feet, enemies · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 done | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 done | aux:pass |
| 3 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | so | so | SCONJ | ExtPos=SCONJ | 9 put | mark |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 4 so | fixed |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 chief | det |
| 7 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 put | nsubj |
| 8 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 9 put | aux |
| 9 | put | put | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 done | advcl |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 feet | nmod:poss |
| 11 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 put | obj |
| 12 | on | on | ADP | _ | 13 them | case |
| 13 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 put | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 show | punct |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 show | mark |
| 16 | show | show | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 put | conj |
| 17 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 20 trampled | mark |
| 18 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 trampled | nsubj |
| 19 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 trampled | aux |
| 20 | trampled | trample | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 16 show | ccomp |
| 21 | on | on | ADP | _ | 23 enemies | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 enemies | det |
| 23 | enemies | enemy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 trampled | obl |
| 24 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 27 conquered | obj |
| 25 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 conquered | nsubj |
| 26 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 conquered | aux |
| 27 | conquered | conquer | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 23 enemies | acl:relcl |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 done | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | do | past · passive | This | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | put | could | the chief | Chief's feet | on feet = foot | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent foot=Theme on they=Destination | |||
| 3 | show | to-infinitive | the chief not said here | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | trample | past · perfect | Chief | the enemies | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | conquer | past · perfect | Chief | the enemies | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whom=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/7/68/