Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop., sentence 73
Chief Indoma agreed with the ju-ju man, and said he would not forget again, and that in the future when he went to war he would see that the proper precautions were taken and the usual sacrifices made as had always been done in the past.
Who acts: Chief, that · What happens: agree, say, not forget, go, see, take · To what, where: war, proper precautions, usual sacrifices, past · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chief, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chief | Chief | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 agreed | nsubj |
| 2 | Indoma | Indoma | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Chief | flat |
| 3 | agreed | agree | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | with | with | ADP | _ | 9 man | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 man | det |
| 6 | ju | ju | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 ju | compound |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 ju | punct |
| 8 | ju | ju | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 man | compound |
| 9 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 agreed | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 said | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 said | cc |
| 12 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 agreed | parataxis |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 forget | nsubj |
| 14 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 16 forget | aux |
| 15 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 16 forget | advmod |
| 16 | forget | forget | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 said | ccomp |
| 17 | again | again | ADV | _ | 16 forget | advmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 went | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 went | cc |
| 20 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 26 went | nsubj |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 future | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 future | det |
| 23 | future | future | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 that | nmod |
| 24 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 26 went | advmod |
| 25 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 went | nsubj |
| 26 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 agreed | conj |
| 27 | to | to | ADP | _ | 28 war | case |
| 28 | war | war | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 went | obl |
| 29 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 see | nsubj |
| 30 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 31 see | aux |
| 31 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 went | parataxis |
| 32 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 37 taken | mark |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 precautions | det |
| 34 | proper | proper | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 precautions | amod |
| 35 | precautions | precaution | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 taken | nsubj:pass |
| 36 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 taken | aux:pass |
| 37 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 31 see | ccomp |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 47 done | cc |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 sacrifices | det |
| 40 | usual | usual | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 sacrifices | amod |
| 41 | sacrifices | sacrifice | NOUN | Number=Plur | 47 done | nsubj:pass |
| 42 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 41 sacrifices | acl |
| 43 | as | as | ADV | _ | 42 made | advmod |
| 44 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 47 done | aux |
| 45 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 47 done | advmod |
| 46 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 47 done | aux:pass |
| 47 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 37 taken | conj |
| 48 | in | in | ADP | _ | 50 past | case |
| 49 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 past | det |
| 50 | past | past | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 done | obl |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 agreed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | agree speech: agree | past | Chief | with the ju man | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V PP.co-agent how S»: agent=Agent with man=Co-Agent | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 3 | not forget | would | Chief | again | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | go | past | that in the future | war | Chief nsubj | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to war=Initial_Location | |||
| 5 | see | would | Chief | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 6 | take | past · passive | the proper precautions | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 7 | make | participle | the usual sacrifices not said here | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | |||||
| 8 | do | past · perfect · passive | the usual sacrifices | the past | always property | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/7/73/