Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xi.--how a Father Tried to Kill One of His Sons But Failed., sentence 63
The leopard then went to the house he had burnt, and found that he had destroyed all his own goats, leaving the boy still uninjured.
Who acts: leopard · What happens: go, burnt, find, destroy, leave · To what, where: house, own goats, boy · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xi.--how a Father Tried to Kill One of His Sons But Failed.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (leopard), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 leopard | det |
| 2 | leopard | leopard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 went | nsubj |
| 3 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 went | advmod |
| 4 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 house | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 house | det |
| 7 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 went | obl |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 burnt | nsubj |
| 9 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 burnt | aux |
| 10 | burnt | burnt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 house | acl:relcl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 found | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 found | cc |
| 13 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 went | conj |
| 14 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 17 destroyed | mark |
| 15 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 destroyed | nsubj |
| 16 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 destroyed | aux |
| 17 | destroyed | destroy | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 13 found | ccomp |
| 18 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 21 goats | det:predet |
| 19 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 goats | nmod:poss |
| 20 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 goats | amod |
| 21 | goats | goat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 destroyed | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 leaving | punct |
| 23 | leaving | leave | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 17 destroyed | advcl |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 boy | det |
| 25 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 leaving | obj |
| 26 | still | still | ADV | _ | 27 uninjured | advmod |
| 27 | uninjured | uninjured | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 boy | amod |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | the leopard | the house | then | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to house=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | burnt | past · perfect | leopard | the house not said here | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | find | past | the leopard not said here | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 4 | destroy | past · perfect | leopard | leopard's own goats | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goat=Patient | ||||
| 5 | leave | gerund | leopard not said here | the boy | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boy=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/8/63/