Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xii.--concerning the Okuni Witches and Cannibalism., sentence 16
When they had all departed the chief pulled down all the houses where they had been living, and then built a new house on a different piece of ground.
Who acts: companions · What happens: depart, pull down, live, build · To what, where: companions, chief, new house, different piece
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xii.--concerning the Okuni Witches and Cannibalism.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (companions), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 5 departed | advmod |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 departed | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 departed | aux |
| 4 | all | all | ADV | _ | 5 departed | advmod |
| 5 | departed | depart | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 chief | det |
| 7 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 departed | obj |
| 8 | pulled | pull | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 chief | acl |
| 9 | down | down | ADP | _ | 8 pulled | compound:prt |
| 10 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 12 houses | det:predet |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 houses | det |
| 12 | houses | house | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 pulled | obl:agent |
| 13 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 17 living | advmod |
| 14 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 living | nsubj |
| 15 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 living | aux |
| 16 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 17 living | aux |
| 17 | living | live | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 houses | acl:relcl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 built | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 built | cc |
| 20 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 21 built | advmod |
| 21 | built | build | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 departed | conj |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 house | det |
| 23 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 house | amod |
| 24 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 built | obj |
| 25 | on | on | ADP | _ | 28 piece | case |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 piece | det |
| 27 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 piece | amod |
| 28 | piece | piece | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 built | obl |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 ground | case |
| 30 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 piece | nmod |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 departed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | depart | past · perfect · passive | companions = companion | the chief obj; all property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | pull down | participle | the chief not said here | all houses obl:agent | vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | live | past · perfect · progressive | companions = companion | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | build | past | a new house | a different piece of ground | then | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent house=Theme on piece=Source |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/9/16/