Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xii.--concerning the Okuni Witches and Cannibalism., sentence 17
When this was completed he made the sacrifices as he had been directed to do by the ju-ju man.
Who acts: chief · What happens: complete, make, direct, do · To what, where: this, sacrifices, chief
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xii.--concerning the Okuni Witches and Cannibalism.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 completed | advmod |
| 2 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 completed | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 completed | aux:pass |
| 4 | completed | complete | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 made | advcl |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 made | nsubj |
| 6 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 sacrifices | det |
| 8 | sacrifices | sacrifice | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 made | obj |
| 9 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 13 directed | mark |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 directed | nsubj |
| 11 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 directed | aux |
| 12 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 13 directed | aux:pass |
| 13 | directed | direct | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 made | advcl |
| 14 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 do | mark |
| 15 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 directed | xcomp |
| 16 | by | by | ADP | _ | 21 man | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 man | det |
| 18 | ju | ju | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 ju | compound |
| 19 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 18 ju | punct |
| 20 | ju | ju | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 man | compound |
| 21 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 do | obl |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 made | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | complete | past · passive | this | vn complete-55.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | make | past | chief | the sacrifices | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sacrifice=Product | ||||
| 3 | direct | past · perfect · passive | chief | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | do | to-infinitive | by the ju man | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/9/17/