Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xii.--concerning the Okuni Witches and Cannibalism., sentence 53
Amoru was very frightened when he saw what was done, but dared not say anything.
Who acts: Amoru · What happens: be, see, say · To what, where: anything · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xii.--concerning the Okuni Witches and Cannibalism.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Amoru), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Amoru | Amoru | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 frightened | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 frightened | cop |
| 3 | very | very | ADV | _ | 4 frightened | advmod |
| 4 | frightened | frightened | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 7 saw | advmod |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 saw | nsubj |
| 7 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 frightened | advcl |
| 8 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 10 done | nsubj |
| 9 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 done | cop |
| 10 | done | done | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 saw | ccomp |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 say | punct |
| 12 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 15 say | cc |
| 13 | dared | dare | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 say | aux |
| 14 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 13 dared | advmod |
| 15 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 frightened | conj |
| 16 | anything | anything | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 15 say | obj |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 frightened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | Amoru | frightened property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | see | past | Amoru | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 3 | is | past | what nsubj; done property | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | past | Amoru not said here | anything | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent anything=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/9/53/