Indian Fairy Tales, XXVIII. How Wicked Sons Were Duped., sentence 16
I have already pointed out in _Folk-Lore_, p. 403, that the existence of the tale in Kashmir without any reference to the mallet makes it impossible for the rhymes on the mallet to be the source of the story.
Who acts: I, existence, tale · What happens: point out, make, be, exist · To what, where: mallet, source
This is a sentence of «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, XXVIII. How Wicked Sons Were Duped.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, existence, tale), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 pointed | nsubj |
| 2 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 pointed | aux |
| 3 | already | already | ADV | _ | 4 pointed | advmod |
| 4 | pointed | point | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | out | out | ADP | _ | 4 pointed | compound:prt |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 Lore | case |
| 7 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 10 Lore | punct |
| 8 | Folk | folk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 Lore | compound |
| 9 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 8 Folk | punct |
| 10 | Lore | Lore | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 pointed | obl |
| 11 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 10 Lore | punct |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 p. | punct |
| 13 | p. | P. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Lore | conj |
| 14 | 403 | 403 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 13 p. | flat |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 makes | punct |
| 16 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 30 makes | mark |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 existence | det |
| 18 | existence | existence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 makes | nsubj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 tale | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 tale | det |
| 21 | tale | tale | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 existence | nmod |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 Kashmir | case |
| 23 | Kashmir | Kashmir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 tale | nmod |
| 24 | without | without | ADP | _ | 26 reference | case |
| 25 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 26 reference | det |
| 26 | reference | reference | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 existence | nmod |
| 27 | to | to | ADP | _ | 29 mallet | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 mallet | det |
| 29 | mallet | mallet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 reference | nmod |
| 30 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 pointed | conj |
| 31 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 makes | obj |
| 32 | impossible | impossible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 makes | xcomp |
| 33 | for | for | ADP | _ | 35 rhymes | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 rhymes | det |
| 35 | rhymes | rhyme | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 impossible | obl |
| 36 | on | on | ADP | _ | 38 mallet | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 mallet | det |
| 38 | mallet | mallet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 rhymes | nmod |
| 39 | to | to | PART | _ | 42 source | mark |
| 40 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 42 source | cop |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 source | det |
| 42 | source | source | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 mallet | nmod |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 45 story | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 story | det |
| 45 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 source | nmod |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 pointed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | point out | present · perfect | I | in Folk Lore and p. | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in lore=Theme | ||||
| 2 | make | present | the existence of the tale in Kashmir without any reference to the mallet | mallet | impossible property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product | |||
| 3 | is a | to-infinitive | the source | of the story | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | exist | the tale in Kashmir | without any reference to the mallet | nom existence «state intransitive»: of=agent without=obl |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7128/59/16/