Kaffir folk-lore, Opening, sentence 34

It is necessary to say a few words concerning the care that has been taken to give absolutely not a single sentence in any of these tales that has not come from native sources.

Who acts: few words, tales · What happens: be, say, concern, take, give, not come · To what, where: few words, care, single sentence, any, native sources · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (few words, tales), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 necessary	expl
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 necessary	cop
3	necessary	necessary	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 say	mark
5	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 necessary	csubj
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 words	det
7	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 words	amod
8	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 say	obj
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 words	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 care	det
11	care	care	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	15 taken	nsubj:pass
13	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 taken	aux
14	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	15 taken	aux:pass
15	taken	take	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 care	acl:relcl
16	to	to	PART	_	17 give	mark
17	give	give	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	15 taken	xcomp
18	absolutely	absolutely	ADV	_	22 sentence	advmod
19	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	22 sentence	advmod
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 sentence	det
21	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 sentence	amod
22	sentence	sentence	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 give	obj
23	in	in	ADP	_	24 any	case
24	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	22 sentence	nmod
25	of	of	ADP	_	27 tales	case
26	these	this	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	27 tales	det
27	tales	tale	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 any	nmod
28	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	31 come	nsubj
29	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	31 come	aux
30	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	31 come	advmod
31	come	come	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	27 tales	acl:relcl
32	from	from	ADP	_	34 sources	case
33	native	native	ADJ	Degree=Pos	34 sources	amod
34	sources	source	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 come	obl
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 necessary	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	present				necessary property	tree rules
2	say speech: assert	to-infinitive		a few words			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent word=Topic
3	concern	gerund	a few words not said here	the care			vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus care=Experiencer
4	take	present · perfect · passive		the care			vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: subject=Theme clause=Attribute
5	give	to-infinitive		a single sentence	any of this tales		vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sentence=Theme
6	not come	present · perfect	this tales		native sources		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from source=Initial_Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/1/34/

🌲 Kaffir folk-lore, Opening, sentence 34

The tree

Pragmatics

Kaffir folk-lore, Opening, sentence 34