Kaffir folk-lore, Opening, sentence 40
Most of the tales collected in this book have already appeared in various South African papers and magazines, some as far back as 1874.
Who acts: Most · What happens: collect, appear · To what, where: book
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Most), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 5 collected | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 tales | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 tales | det |
| 4 | tales | tale | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Most | nmod |
| 5 | collected | collect | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 book | case |
| 7 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 8 book | det |
| 8 | book | book | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 appeared | obl |
| 9 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 appeared | aux |
| 10 | already | already | ADV | _ | 11 appeared | advmod |
| 11 | appeared | appear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 5 collected | ccomp |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 papers | case |
| 13 | various | various | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 papers | amod |
| 14 | South | South | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 papers | compound |
| 15 | African | African | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 papers | amod |
| 16 | papers | paper | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 appeared | obl |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 magazines | cc |
| 18 | magazines | magazine | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 papers | conj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 some | punct |
| 20 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 16 papers | acl |
| 21 | as | as | ADV | _ | 22 far | advmod |
| 22 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 23 back | advmod |
| 23 | back | back | ADV | _ | 20 some | advmod |
| 24 | as | as | ADP | _ | 25 1874 | case |
| 25 | 1874 | 1874 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 23 back | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 collected | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | collect | past | Most of the tales | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | appear | present · perfect | Most of the tales not said here | this book | in various South African papers and magazines | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in book=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/1/40/