Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 100

So he drove all the cattle of the village into a forest, a very thick forest, and tied them by their tails to the trees.

Who acts: Hlakanyana · What happens: drive, tie · To what, where: cattle, forest

This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hlakanyana), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	So	so	ADV	_	3 drove	advmod
2	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 drove	nsubj
3	drove	drive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 cattle	det:predet
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 cattle	det
6	cattle	cattle	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 drove	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 village	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 village	det
9	village	village	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 cattle	nmod
10	into	into	ADP	_	12 forest	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 forest	det
12	forest	forest	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 drove	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 forest	punct
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 forest	det
15	very	very	ADV	_	16 thick	advmod
16	thick	thick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 forest	amod
17	forest	forest	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 forest	conj
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 tied	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 tied	cc
20	tied	tie	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 drove	conj
21	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 tied	obj
22	by	by	ADP	_	24 tails	case
23	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	24 tails	nmod:poss
24	tails	tail	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 tied	obl
25	to	to	ADP	_	27 trees	case
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 trees	det
27	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 tied	obl
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 drove	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drive	past	Hlakanyana	all cattle of the village		a forest and a thick forest			vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent cattle=Theme into forest=Trajectory
2	tie	past	Hlakanyana not said here	cattle				by cattle's tails; to the trees	vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent they=Patient to tree=Co-Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/10/100/

🌲 Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 100

The tree

Pragmatics

Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 100