Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 180

One of the young men picked up this stone, saying: “If I could see him, I would just throw this stone at him.”

Who acts: young men, One · What happens: pick up, say, see, throw · To what, where: stone, fellow · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (young men, One), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	One	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 saying	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 men	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 men	det
4	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 men	amod
5	men	man	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 One	nmod
6	picked	pick	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 men	acl
7	up	up	ADP	_	6 picked	compound:prt
8	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	9 stone	det
9	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 picked	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 saying	punct
11	saying	say	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
12	:	:	PUNCT	_	17 see	punct
13	“	"	PUNCT	_	17 see	punct
14	If	if	SCONJ	_	17 see	mark
15	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	17 see	nsubj
16	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	17 see	aux
17	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 saying	ccomp
18	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 see	obj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 throw	punct
20	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	23 throw	nsubj
21	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	23 throw	aux
22	just	just	ADV	_	23 throw	advmod
23	throw	throw	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	17 see	conj
24	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	25 stone	det
25	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 throw	obj
26	at	at	ADP	_	27 him	case
27	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 throw	obl
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	17 see	punct
29	”	"	PUNCT	_	17 see	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	pick up	participle	the young men not said here	this stone		vn discover-84-1 «NP V PP.topic S_ING»: agent=Agent
2	say speech: assert	gerund	One of the young men			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	see a condition, not said to happen, in a quote	could	One of the young men = One	fellow		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus
4	throw in a quote	would	One of the young men = One	this stone	at fellow	vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent stone=Theme at he=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/10/180/

🌲 Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 180

The tree

Pragmatics

Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 180