Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 413
He was told that his sister was gone away for some red clay.
What happens: tell, go away · To what, where: Hlakanyana, sister · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 told | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 told | aux:pass |
| 3 | told | tell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 gone | mark |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 sister | nmod:poss |
| 6 | sister | sister | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 gone | nsubj |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 gone | aux:pass |
| 8 | gone | go | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 told | ccomp |
| 9 | away | away | ADV | _ | 8 gone | advmod |
| 10 | for | for | ADP | _ | 13 clay | case |
| 11 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 13 clay | det |
| 12 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 clay | amod |
| 13 | clay | clay | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 gone | obl |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 told | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tell speech: assert | past · passive | Hlakanyana | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | go away | past · passive | Hlakanyana's sister | for some red clay; away property | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/10/413/