Kaffir folk-lore, Story of Ironside and His Sister., sentence 16
They told the chief it would be dangerous to allow the child to grow up, because then a nation stronger than themselves might arise.
Who acts: cannibals, it, child · What happens: tell, be, allow, grow up, arise · To what, where: chief, child · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of Ironside and His Sister.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cannibals, it, child), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 told | nsubj |
| 2 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 chief | det |
| 4 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 told | iobj |
| 5 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 dangerous | nsubj |
| 6 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 8 dangerous | aux |
| 7 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 8 dangerous | cop |
| 8 | dangerous | dangerous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 told | ccomp |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 allow | mark |
| 10 | allow | allow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 dangerous | csubj |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 child | det |
| 12 | child | child | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 allow | obj |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 grow | mark |
| 14 | grow | grow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 allow | xcomp |
| 15 | up | up | ADP | _ | 14 grow | compound:prt |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 stronger | punct |
| 17 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 21 stronger | mark |
| 18 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 20 nation | advmod |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 nation | det |
| 20 | nation | nation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 stronger | obl:unmarked |
| 21 | stronger | strong | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 2 told | conj |
| 22 | than | than | SCONJ | _ | 25 arise | mark |
| 23 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 25 arise | nsubj |
| 24 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 25 arise | aux |
| 25 | arise | arise | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 stronger | advcl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 told | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tell speech: assert | past | cannibals = cannibal | the chief | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent chief=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | is | would | it | dangerous property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | allow | to-infinitive | the child | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Causer child=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | grow up not said to happen | to-infinitive | the child not said here | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | arise | might | cannibals = cannibal | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/13/16/