Kaffir folk-lore, Story of Ironside and His Sister., sentence 48
Afterwards they discovered who it was that gave warning of their intentions, and they killed and ate that one.
Who acts: companions · What happens: discover, be, kill, eat, warn, intend · To what, where: one, intentions
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of Ironside and His Sister.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (companions), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Afterwards | afterwards | ADV | _ | 3 discovered | advmod |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 discovered | nsubj |
| 3 | discovered | discover | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 gave | nsubj |
| 5 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 gave | nsubj |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 gave | cop |
| 7 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 gave | mark |
| 8 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 discovered | ccomp |
| 9 | warning | warning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 gave | obj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 intentions | case |
| 11 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 intentions | nmod:poss |
| 12 | intentions | intention | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 warning | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 killed | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 killed | cc |
| 15 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 killed | nsubj |
| 16 | killed | kill | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 discovered | parataxis |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 ate | cc |
| 18 | ate | eat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 killed | conj |
| 19 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 20 one | det |
| 20 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 ate | obj |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 discovered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | discover | past | companions = companion | afterwards property | vn discover-84-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | is | past | who nsubj; party nsubj; warning of companions's intentions obj; give property | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | kill | past | companions = companion | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 4 | eat | past | companions = companion not said here | that one | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Patient | ||||
| 5 | warn | companions's intentions | nom warning «communication transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 6 | intend | companions = companion | nom intention «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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